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Large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks and domains. Despite this promise, spatial understanding and reasoning -- a fundamental component of human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Jiayu Wang , Yifei Ming , Zhenmei Shi , Vibhav Vineet , Xin Wang , Yixuan Li , Neel Joshi

With the maturity of visual detection techniques, we are more ambitious in describing visual content with open-vocabulary, fine-grained and free-form language, i.e., the task of image captioning. In particular, we are interested in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Zheng-Jun Zha , Daqing Liu , Hanwang Zhang , Yongdong Zhang , Feng Wu

Image-text representation learning forms a cornerstone in vision-language models, where pairs of images and textual descriptions are contrastively aligned in a shared embedding space. Since visual and textual concepts are naturally…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Avik Pal , Max van Spengler , Guido Maria D'Amely di Melendugno , Alessandro Flaborea , Fabio Galasso , Pascal Mettes

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have recently emerged as powerful tools, excelling in tasks that integrate visual and textual comprehension, such as image captioning, visual question answering, and image-text retrieval. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Ilias Stogiannidis , Steven McDonagh , Sotirios A. Tsaftaris

Current large vision-language models (LVLMs) typically rely on text-only reasoning based on a single-pass visual encoding, which often leads to loss of fine-grained visual information. Recently the proposal of ''thinking with images''…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Junfei Wu , Jian Guan , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu , Liang Wang , Wei Wu , Tieniu Tan

Visual grounding refers to the ability of a model to identify a region within some visual input that matches a textual description. Consequently, a model equipped with visual grounding capabilities can target a wide range of applications in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Georgios Pantazopoulos , Eda B. Özyiğit

Vision-language models are increasingly used to generate image captions in specific styles, such as humor or romantic. However, these transformer-based models often struggle with this subjective task in a zero-shot setting. While preference…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Asma Farajidizaji , Akash Gupta , Vatsal Raina

After discovering that Language Models (LMs) can be good in-context few-shot learners, numerous strategies have been proposed to optimize in-context sequence configurations. Recently, researchers in Vision-Language (VL) domains also develop…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Xu Yang , Yongliang Wu , Mingzhuo Yang , Haokun Chen , Xin Geng

In the last year alone, a surge of new benchmarks to measure compositional understanding of vision-language models have permeated the machine learning ecosystem. Given an image, these benchmarks probe a model's ability to identify its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Cheng-Yu Hsieh , Jieyu Zhang , Zixian Ma , Aniruddha Kembhavi , Ranjay Krishna

The recent advance in vision-language models is largely attributed to the abundance of image-text data. We aim to replicate this success for video-language models, but there simply is not enough human-curated video-text data available. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Yue Zhao , Long Zhao , Xingyi Zhou , Jialin Wu , Chun-Te Chu , Hui Miao , Florian Schroff , Hartwig Adam , Ting Liu , Boqing Gong , Philipp Krähenbühl , Liangzhe Yuan

Recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have expanded research in video understanding, primarily focusing on high-level tasks such as video captioning and question-answering. Meanwhile, a smaller body of work addresses…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Ali Athar , Xueqing Deng , Liang-Chieh Chen

Compositional reasoning remains a persistent weakness of modern vision language models (VLMs): they often falter when a task hinges on understanding how multiple objects, attributes, and relations interact within an image. Multiple research…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Sanchit Sinha , Guangzhi Xiong , Aidong Zhang

Visual Question Answering (VQA) is a challenging task that has received increasing attention from both the computer vision and the natural language processing communities. Given an image and a question in natural language, it requires…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-07-21 Qi Wu , Damien Teney , Peng Wang , Chunhua Shen , Anthony Dick , Anton van den Hengel

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable success in tasks like the Winograd Schema Challenge (WSC), showcasing advanced textual common-sense reasoning. However, applying this reasoning to multimodal domains, where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Brendan Park , Madeline Janecek , Naser Ezzati-Jivan , Yifeng Li , Ali Emami

Puzzles have long served as compact and revealing probes of human cognition, isolating abstraction, rule discovery, and systematic reasoning with minimal reliance on prior knowledge. Leveraging these properties, visual puzzles have recently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Maria Lymperaiou , Vasileios Karampinis , Giorgos Filandrianos , Angelos Vlachos , Chrysoula Zerva , Athanasios Voulodimos

While existing image-text alignment models reach high quality binary assessments, they fall short of pinpointing the exact source of misalignment. In this paper, we present a method to provide detailed textual and visual explanation of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Brian Gordon , Yonatan Bitton , Yonatan Shafir , Roopal Garg , Xi Chen , Dani Lischinski , Daniel Cohen-Or , Idan Szpektor

Lately, researchers in artificial intelligence have been really interested in how language and vision come together, giving rise to the development of multimodal models that aim to seamlessly integrate textual and visual information.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Rajat Chawla , Arkajit Datta , Tushar Verma , Adarsh Jha , Anmol Gautam , Ayush Vatsal , Sukrit Chaterjee , Mukunda NS , Ishaan Bhola

The ability to compositionally map language to referents, relations, and actions is an essential component of language understanding. The recent gSCAN dataset (Ruis et al. 2020, NeurIPS) is an inspiring attempt to assess the capacity of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Zhengxuan Wu , Elisa Kreiss , Desmond C. Ong , Christopher Potts

As the performance of Large-scale Vision Language Models (LVLMs) improves, they are increasingly capable of responding in multiple languages, and there is an expectation that the demand for explanations generated by LVLMs will grow.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Shintaro Ozaki , Kazuki Hayashi , Yusuke Sakai , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Katsuhiko Hayashi , Taro Watanabe

Computer vision often treats human perception as homogeneous: an implicit assumption that visual stimuli are perceived similarly by everyone. This assumption is reflected in the way researchers collect datasets and train vision models. By…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Andre Ye , Sebastin Santy , Jena D. Hwang , Amy X. Zhang , Ranjay Krishna