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Estimating intrinsic dimensionality of data is a classic problem in pattern recognition and statistics. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a powerful tool in discovering dimensionality of data sets with a linear structure; it, however,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2010-02-11 Mingyu Fan , Nannan Gu , Hong Qiao , Bo Zhang

Of particular interest is to discover useful representations solely from observations in an unsupervised generative manner. However, the question of whether existing normalizing flows provide effective representations for downstream tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Shen Li , Bryan Hooi

Answering complex questions over knowledge bases (KB-QA) faces huge input data with billions of facts, involving millions of entities and thousands of predicates. For efficiency, QA systems first reduce the answer search space by…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Philipp Christmann , Rishiraj Saha Roy , Gerhard Weikum

Principal component analysis (PCA) has well-documented merits for data extraction and dimensionality reduction. PCA deals with a single dataset at a time, and it is challenged when it comes to analyzing multiple datasets. Yet in certain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-10-27 Gang Wang , Jia Chen , Georgios B. Giannakis

Sparse Principal Component Analysis (PCA) methods are efficient tools to reduce the dimension (or the number of variables) of complex data. Sparse principal components (PCs) are easier to interpret than conventional PCs, because most…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-04-22 Dan Shen , Haipeng Shen , J. S. Marron

While large language models (LLMs) excel in many domains, their complexity and scale challenge deployment in resource-limited environments. Current compression techniques, such as parameter pruning, often fail to effectively utilize the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Deyuan Liu , Zhanyue Qin , Hairu Wang , Zhao Yang , Zecheng Wang , Fangying Rong , Qingbin Liu , Yanchao Hao , Xi Chen , Cunhang Fan , Zhao Lv , Zhiying Tu , Dianhui Chu , Bo Li , Dianbo Sui

Continuous representation of words is a standard component in deep learning-based NLP models. However, representing a large vocabulary requires significant memory, which can cause problems, particularly on resource-constrained platforms.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-24 Siyu Liao , Jie Chen , Yanzhi Wang , Qinru Qiu , Bo Yuan

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and its nonlinear extension Kernel PCA (KPCA) are widely used across science and industry for data analysis and dimensionality reduction. Modern deep learning tools have achieved great empirical success,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Francesco Tonin , Qinghua Tao , Panagiotis Patrinos , Johan A. K. Suykens

Knowledge distillation (KD) is a very popular method for model size reduction. Recently, the technique is exploited for quantized deep neural networks (QDNNs) training as a way to restore the performance sacrificed by word-length reduction.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-24 Sungho Shin , Yoonho Boo , Wonyong Sung

The prohibitive sizes of Large Language Models (LLMs) today make it difficult to deploy them on memory-constrained edge devices. This work introduces $\rm CALDERA$ -- a new post-training LLM compression algorithm that harnesses the inherent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Rajarshi Saha , Naomi Sagan , Varun Srivastava , Andrea J. Goldsmith , Mert Pilanci

We consider the dimensionality-reduction problem (finding a subspace approximation of observed data) for contaminated data in the high dimensional regime, where the number of observations is of the same magnitude as the number of variables…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2010-05-14 Huan Xu , Constantine Caramanis , Shie Mannor

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is well known for its capability of dimension reduction and data compression. However, when using PCA for compressing/reconstructing images, images need to be recast to vectors. The vectorization of images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Liang Liao , Xuechun Zhang , Xinqiang Wang , Sen Lin , Xin Liu

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a dimension reduction technique. It produces inconsistent estimators when the dimensionality is moderate to high, which is often the problem in modern large-scale applications where algorithm…

Computation · Statistics 2016-01-29 Qiaoya Zhang , Yiyuan She

Principal component analysis (PCA) is very popular to perform dimension reduction. The selection of the number of significant components is essential but often based on some practical heuristics depending on the application. Only few works…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-09-19 Clément Elvira , Pierre Chainais , Nicolas Dobigeon

Very large commonsense knowledge bases (KBs) often have thousands to millions of axioms, of which relatively few are relevant for answering any given query. A large number of irrelevant axioms can easily overwhelm resolution-based theorem…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-03-15 Abhishek Sharma , Michael Witbrock , Keith Goolsbey

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a classical method for reducing the dimensionality of data by projecting them onto a subspace that captures most of their variation. Effective use of PCA in modern applications requires understanding…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-06-14 David Hong , Laura Balzano , Jeffrey A. Fessler

Data dimension reduction (DDR) is all about mapping data from high dimensions to low dimensions, various techniques of DDR are being used for image dimension reduction like Random Projections, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-18 Wisal Khan , Muhammad Turab , Waqas Ahmad , Syed Hasnat Ahmad , Kelash Kumar , Bin Luo

Retrieval augmented language models have recently become the standard for knowledge intensive tasks. Rather than relying purely on latent semantics within the parameters of large neural models, these methods enlist a semi-parametric memory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Wenhu Chen , Pat Verga , Michiel de Jong , John Wieting , William Cohen

The Engineers' Salary Prediction Challenge requires classifying salary categories into three classes based on tabular data. The job description is represented as a 300-dimensional word embedding incorporated into the tabular features,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Liam Ressel , Hamza A. A. Gardi

This paper explores the combination of neural network quantization and entropy coding for memory footprint minimization. Edge deployment of quantized models is hampered by the harsh Pareto frontier of the accuracy-to-bitwidth tradeoff,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 C. Metz , O. Bichler , A. Dupret