English
Related papers

Related papers: Cluster randomized trials designed to support gene…

200 papers

In many applications, data cluster. Failing to take the cluster structure into consideration generally leads to underestimated variances of point estimators and inflated type I errors in hypothesis tests. Many circumstance-dependent…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-21 Jiahua Chen , Pengfei Li , Yukun Liu , James V. Zidek

In empirical work it is common to estimate parameters of models and report associated standard errors that account for "clustering" of units, where clusters are defined by factors such as geography. Clustering adjustments are typically…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-09-21 Alberto Abadie , Susan Athey , Guido Imbens , Jeffrey Wooldridge

Paired cluster-randomized experiments (pCRTs) are common across many disciplines because there is often natural clustering of individuals, and paired randomization can help balance baseline covariates to improve experimental precision.…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-03 Charlotte Z. Mann , Adam C. Sales , Johann A. Gagnon-Bartsch

In cluster randomized trials, patients are typically recruited after clusters are randomized, and the recruiters and patients may not be blinded to the assignment. This often leads to differential recruitment and consequently systematic…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-05 Fan Li , Zizhong Tian , Jennifer Bobb , Georgia Papadogeorgou , Fan Li

The presence of interference, where the outcome of an individual may depend on the treatment assignment and behavior of neighboring nodes, can lead to biased causal effect estimation. Current approaches to network experiment design focus on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Zahra Fatemi , Jean Pouget-Abadie , Elena Zheleva

Numerous publications have now addressed the principles of designing, analyzing, and reporting the results of, stepped-wedge cluster randomized trials. In contrast, there is little research available pertaining to the design and analysis of…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-06-29 Michael Grayling , Adrian Mander , James Wason

This paper develops procedures to combine clusters for the approximate randomization test proposed by Canay, Romano, and Shaikh (2017). Their test can be used to conduct inference with a small number of clusters and imposes weak…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-02-07 Chun Pong Lau

Clustered standard errors and approximate randomization tests are popular inference methods that allow for dependence within observations. However, they require researchers to know the cluster structure ex ante. We propose a procedure to…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-01-14 Yong Cai

Complete randomization balances covariates on average, but covariate imbalance often exists in finite samples. Rerandomization can ensure covariate balance in the realized experiment by discarding the undesired treatment assignments. Many…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-07 Xin Lu , Tianle Liu , Hanzhong Liu , Peng Ding

In the design of clinical trials, it is essential to assess the design operating characteristics (e.g., power and the type I error rate). Common practice for the evaluation of operating characteristics in Bayesian clinical trials relies on…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-17 Luke Hagar , Shirin Golchi

Cluster randomized trials are widely used when individual randomization is logistically infeasible or when correlations between observations cannot be ignored, especially in fields such as ophthalmology, infectious disease, vaccine…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-04 Wanying Shao , Toshimitsu Hamasaki , Scott Evans , Guoqing Diao

Randomized saturation designs are a family of designs which assign a possibly different treatment proportion to each cluster of a population at random. As a result, they generalize the well-known (stratified) completely randomized designs…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-03-21 Chencheng Cai , Jean Pouget-Abadie , Edoardo M. Airoldi

Quality assessments of models in unsupervised learning and clustering verification in particular have been a long-standing problem in the machine learning research. The lack of robust and universally applicable cluster validity scores often…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-30 Luzie Helfmann , Johannes von Lindheim , Mattes Mollenhauer , Ralf Banisch

We study the large sample behavior of a convex clustering framework, which minimizes the sample within cluster sum of squares under an~$\ell_1$ fusion constraint on the cluster centroids. This recently proposed approach has been gaining in…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-12-30 Peter Radchenko , Gourab Mukherjee

Clustering is a powerful and extensively used data science tool. While clustering is generally thought of as an unsupervised learning technique, there are also supervised variations such as Spath's clusterwise regression that attempt to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Aravinth Chembu , Scott Sanner

A basic feature of many field experiments is that investigators are only able to randomize clusters of individuals--such as households, communities, firms, medical practices, schools or classrooms--even when the individual is the unit of…

Methodology · Statistics 2009-10-21 Kosuke Imai , Gary King , Clayton Nall

We introduce a new method for performing clustering with the aim of fitting clusters with different scatters and weights. It is designed by allowing to handle a proportion $\alpha$ of contaminating data to guarantee the robustness of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-12-18 Luis A. García-Escudero , Alfonso Gordaliza , Carlos Matrán , Agustin Mayo-Iscar

The intra-cluster correlation coefficient (ICC) plays an important role while designing the cluster randomized trials (CRTs). Often optimal CRTs are designed assuming that the magnitude of the ICC is constant across the clusters. However,…

Computation · Statistics 2019-02-21 Satya Prakash Singh , Pradeep Yadav

Clinical trials usually target average treatment effects, but treatment decisions are made for individuals. This tension motivates a common criticism of evidence-based medicine: a treatment that is beneficial on average may be inappropriate…

Applications · Statistics 2026-05-29 Zach Shahn , Mats Stensrud

In cluster randomized trials, the average treatment effect among individuals (i-ATE) can be different from the cluster average treatment effect (c-ATE) when informative cluster size is present, i.e., when treatment effects or participant…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-02 Bryan S. Blette , Zhe Chen , Brennan C. Kahan , Andrew Forbes , Michael O. Harhay , Fan Li