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Related papers: How Cosmic Rays Mediate the Evolution of the Inter…

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We investigate the impact of cosmic rays (CRs) on galactic outflows from a multi-phase interstellar medium with solar neighbourhood conditions. The three-dimensional magneto-hydrodynamical simulations include CRs as a relativistic fluid in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-07-11 Philipp Girichidis , Thorsten Naab , Michał Hanasz , Stefanie Walch

Cosmic rays (CRs) with ~GeV energies can contribute significantly to the energy and pressure budget in the interstellar, circumgalactic, and intergalactic medium (ISM, CGM, IGM). Recent cosmological simulations have begun to explore these…

We review the evidence for cosmic ray acceleration in the superbubble/hot phase of the interstellar medium, and discuss the implications for the composition of cosmic rays and the structure and evolution of the interstellar medium. We show…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 R. E. Lingenfelter , J. C. Higdon , R. Ramaty

The spatial distribution of cosmic ray (CR) particles in the interstellar medium (ISM) is of major importance in radio astronomy, where its knowledge is essential for the interpretation of observations, and in theoretical astrophysics,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-06-28 Devika Tharakkal , Andrew P. Snodin , Graeme R. Sarson , Anvar Shukurov

We investigate the dynamical impact of cosmic rays in cosmological simulations of galaxy formation using adaptive-mesh refinement simulations of a $10^{12}$ solar mass halo. In agreement with previous work, a run with only our standard…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-23 Munier Salem , Greg L. Bryan , Cameron Hummels

To investigate the interstellar medium (ISM) and Galactic cosmic rays (CRs) in the solar neighborhood, we analyzed ${\gamma}$-ray data by Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) for five nearby molecular cloud regions. Our data includes the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-06-23 Tsunefumi Mizuno , Katsuhiro Hayashi , Hinako Ochi , Igor V. Moskalenko , Elena Orlando , Andrew W. Strong

Observations of $\gamma$-rays from diffuse gas provide the opportunity to study the distribution of high energy particles in different astrophysical environments. In the circumgalactic medium (CGM) and the intracluster medium (ICM), it is…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-10-29 Roark Habegger , Mateusz Ruszkowski , Ellen G. Zweibel

We present the results of a variety of simulations concerning the evolution of multiphase (inhomogeneous) hot interstellar medium (ISM) in elliptical galaxies. We assume the gases ejected from stars do not mix globally with the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Yutaka Fujita , Junji Fukumoto , Katsuya Okoshi

Cosmic rays (CRs) are dynamically important for the formation and evolution of galaxies by regulating star formation and by powering galactic outflows. However, to what extent CRs regulate galaxy formation depends on the coupling strength…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-12-27 Philipp Girichidis , Maria Werhahn , Christoph Pfrommer , Rüdiger Pakmor , Volker Springel

Cosmic rays (CRs) leave their sources mainly along the local magnetic field; in doing so they excite both resonant and nonresonant modes through streaming instabilities. The excitation of these modes leads to enhanced scattering and in turn…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-06-10 Benedikt Schroer , Oreste Pezzi , Damiano Caprioli , Colby Haggerty , Pasquale Blasi

Context. Supernova remnants (SNR) are one of the main sources of galactic cosmic rays acceleration. This acceleration, believed to happen at the blast wave front, leads to an energy loss at the shock front. This results in the apparent…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-04-26 Gabriel Rigon , Tsuyoshi Inoue

We explore the impact of cosmic rays (CRs) on cosmological adaptive-mesh refinement simulations of a forming 10^12 Msolar halo, focusing on the circumgalactic medium (CGM), and its resulting low-redshift structure and composition. In…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-12-23 Munier Salem , Greg L. Bryan , Lauren Corlies

The interstellar medium (ISM) can be thought of as the galactic atmosphere which fills the space between stars. When clouds within the ISM collapse, stars are born. When the stars die, they return their matter to the surrounding gas.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 J. Bland-Hawthorn , R. J. Reynolds

Galactic outflows influence the evolution of galaxies not only by expelling gas from their disks but also by injecting energy into the circumgalactic medium (CGM). This alters or even prevents the inflow of fresh gas onto the disk and thus…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-06-04 Timon Thomas , Christoph Pfrommer , Rüdiger Pakmor

We investigate the impact of cosmic rays (CRs) on the circumgalactic medium (CGM) in FIRE-2 simulations, for ultra-faint dwarf through Milky Way (MW)-mass halos hosting star-forming (SF) galaxies. Our CR treatment includes injection by…

Supernova remnants are believed to be the main sources of galactic Cosmic Rays (CR). Within this framework, particles are accelerated at supernova remnant shocks and then released in the interstellar medium. The mechanism through which CRs…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-08-19 Lara Nava , Stefano Gabici , Alexandre Marcowith , Giovanni Morlino , Vladimir S. Ptuskin

We review recent progress in elucidating the relationship between high-energy radiation and the interstellar medium (ISM) in young supernova remnants (SNRs) with ages of $\sim$2000 yr, focusing in particular on RX J1713.7$-$3946 and RCW 86.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-06-29 Hidetoshi Sano , Yasuo Fukui

I model the multi-phase interstellar medium (ISM) randomly heated and shocked by supernovae, with gravity, differential rotation and other parameters we understand to be typical of the solar neighbourhood. The simulations are 3D extending…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-12-15 Frederick Gent

Fermi/LAT observations of star-forming galaxies in the ~0.1-100GeV range have made possible a first population study. Evidence was found for a correlation between gamma-ray luminosity and tracers of the star formation activity. Studying…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-18 Pierrick Martin

Cosmic rays (CRs) are a non-thermal energy component in the interstellar and circumgalactic medium (CGM) that can act as an additional feedback channel beyond thermal and kinetic feedback from stars and AGN. They influence galaxy evolution…