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As we deploy autonomous agents in safety-critical domains, it becomes important to develop an understanding of their internal mechanisms and representations. We outline an approach to imitation learning for reverse-engineering black box…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Tom Bewley , Jonathan Lawry , Arthur Richards

Reinforcement learning solely from an agent's self-generated data is often believed to be infeasible for learning on real robots, due to the amount of data needed. However, if done right, agents learning from real data can be surprisingly…

Imitation Learning (IL) is a machine learning approach to learn a policy from a dataset of demonstrations. IL can be useful to kick-start learning before applying reinforcement learning (RL) but it can also be useful on its own, e.g. to…

Imitation learning (IL) is a popular paradigm for training policies in robotic systems when specifying the reward function is difficult. However, despite the success of IL algorithms, they impose the somewhat unrealistic requirement that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Luca Viano , Yu-Ting Huang , Parameswaran Kamalaruban , Craig Innes , Subramanian Ramamoorthy , Adrian Weller

We consider off-policy evaluation (OPE) in Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes, where the evaluation policy depends only on observable variables but the behavior policy depends on latent states (Tennenholtz et al. (2020a)). Prior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Yash Nair , Nan Jiang

Imitation learning has traditionally been applied to learn a single task from demonstrations thereof. The requirement of structured and isolated demonstrations limits the scalability of imitation learning approaches as they are difficult to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-11-27 Karol Hausman , Yevgen Chebotar , Stefan Schaal , Gaurav Sukhatme , Joseph Lim

Imitation learning holds the promise of equipping robots with versatile skills by learning from expert demonstrations. However, policies trained on finite datasets often struggle to generalize beyond the training distribution. In this work,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Yixiao Wang

This paper investigates the problem of online prediction learning, where learning proceeds continuously as the agent interacts with an environment. The predictions made by the agent are contingent on a particular way of behaving,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-08 Sina Ghiassian , Andrew Patterson , Martha White , Richard S. Sutton , Adam White

This work addresses the problem of sharing partial information within social learning strategies. In traditional social learning, agents solve a distributed multiple hypothesis testing problem by performing two operations at each instant:…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-07 Virginia Bordignon , Vincenzo Matta , Ali H. Sayed

The use of imitation learning to learn a single policy for a complex task that has multiple modes or hierarchical structure can be challenging. In fact, previous work has shown that when the modes are known, learning separate policies for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-13 Arjun Sharma , Mohit Sharma , Nicholas Rhinehart , Kris M. Kitani

We study a new paradigm for sequential decision making, called offline policy learning from observations (PLfO). Offline PLfO aims to learn policies using datasets with substandard qualities: 1) only a subset of trajectories is labeled with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Anqi Li , Byron Boots , Ching-An Cheng

Safely deploying machine learning models to the real world is often a challenging process. Models trained with data obtained from a specific geographic location tend to fail when queried with data obtained elsewhere, agents trained in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Marco Federici , Ryota Tomioka , Patrick Forré

We study the problem of learning a good search policy for combinatorial search spaces. We propose retrospective imitation learning, which, after initial training by an expert, improves itself by learning from \textit{retrospective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Jialin Song , Ravi Lanka , Albert Zhao , Aadyot Bhatnagar , Yisong Yue , Masahiro Ono

The goal of imitation learning is to mimic expert behavior without access to an explicit reward signal. Expert demonstrations provided by humans, however, often show significant variability due to latent factors that are typically not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-16 Yunzhu Li , Jiaming Song , Stefano Ermon

We tackle the problem of policy learning from expert demonstrations without a reward function. A central challenge in this space is that these policies fail upon deployment due to issues of distributional shift, environment stochasticity,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Victor Kolev , Rafael Rafailov , Kyle Hatch , Jiajun Wu , Chelsea Finn

Imitation learning has enabled robots to perform complex, long-horizon tasks in challenging dexterous manipulation settings. As new methods are developed, they must be rigorously evaluated and compared against corresponding baselines…

Imitation learning has unlocked the potential for robots to exhibit highly dexterous behaviours. However, it still struggles with long-horizon, multi-object tasks due to poor sample efficiency and limited generalisation. Existing methods…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Krishan Rana , Jad Abou-Chakra , Sourav Garg , Robert Lee , Ian Reid , Niko Suenderhauf

Information Pursuit (IP) is an explainable prediction algorithm that greedily selects a sequence of interpretable queries about the data in order of information gain, updating its posterior at each step based on observed query-answer pairs.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Stefan Kolek , Aditya Chattopadhyay , Kwan Ho Ryan Chan , Hector Andrade-Loarca , Gitta Kutyniok , Réne Vidal

Recent works have studied *state entropy maximization* in reinforcement learning, in which the agent's objective is to learn a policy inducing high entropy over states visitation (Hazan et al., 2019). They typically assume full…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Riccardo Zamboni , Duilio Cirino , Marcello Restelli , Mirco Mutti

Real-world sequential decision making problems commonly involve partial observability, which requires the agent to maintain a memory of history in order to infer the latent states, plan and make good decisions. Coping with partial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Yonathan Efroni , Chi Jin , Akshay Krishnamurthy , Sobhan Miryoosefi