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Observational learning requires an agent to learn to perform a task by referencing only observations of the performed task. This work investigates the equivalent setting in real-world robot learning where access to hand-designed rewards and…

Classically, imitation learning algorithms have been developed for idealized situations, e.g., the demonstrations are often required to be collected in the exact same environment and usually include the demonstrator's actions. Recently,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Faraz Torabi , Garrett Warnell , Peter Stone

Imitation learning is a widely used policy learning method that enables intelligent agents to acquire complex skills from expert demonstrations. The input to the imitation learning algorithm is usually composed of both the current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Chia-Chi Chuang , Donglin Yang , Chuan Wen , Yang Gao

Learning to perform tasks by leveraging a dataset of expert observations, also known as imitation learning from observations (ILO), is an important paradigm for learning skills without access to the expert reward function or the expert…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Tanmay Gangwani , Yuan Zhou , Jian Peng

Imitation from observation is the framework of learning tasks by observing demonstrated state-only trajectories. Recently, adversarial approaches have achieved significant performance improvements over other methods for imitating complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-19 Faraz Torabi , Sean Geiger , Garrett Warnell , Peter Stone

Learning from demonstrations has gained increasing interest in the recent past, enabling an agent to learn how to make decisions by observing an experienced teacher. While many approaches have been proposed to solve this problem, there is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Jürgen Hahn , Abdelhak M. Zoubir

Imitation learning trains control policies by mimicking pre-recorded expert demonstrations. In partially observable settings, imitation policies must rely on observation histories, but many seemingly paradoxical results show better…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Chuan Wen , Jierui Lin , Jianing Qian , Yang Gao , Dinesh Jayaraman

One of the common ways children learn is by mimicking adults. Imitation learning focuses on learning policies with suitable performance from demonstrations generated by an expert, with an unspecified performance measure, and unobserved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-15 Junzhe Zhang , Daniel Kumor , Elias Bareinboim

This article introduces an imitation learning method for learning maximum entropy policies that comply with constraints demonstrated by expert trajectories executing a task. The formulation of the method takes advantage of results…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-10 George Papadopoulos , George A. Vouros

Imitation learning enables autonomous agents to learn from human examples, without the need for a reward signal. Still, if the provided dataset does not encapsulate the task correctly, or when the task is too complex to be modeled, such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Federico Malato , Ville Hautamaki

In many cases an intelligent agent may want to learn how to mimic a single observed demonstrated trajectory. In this work we consider how to perform such procedural learning from observation, which could help to enable agents to better use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-22 Tong Mu , Karan Goel , Emma Brunskill

Imitation learning (IL) algorithms use expert demonstrations to learn a specific task. Most of the existing approaches assume that all expert demonstrations are reliable and trustworthy, but what if there exist some adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Mostafa Hussein , Brendan Crowe , Marek Petrik , Momotaz Begum

State-of-the-art imitation learning from observation methods (ILfO) have recently made significant progress, but they still have some limitations: they need action-based supervised optimisation, assume that states have a single optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Nathan Gavenski , Matteo Leonetti , Odinaldo Rodrigues

As robots and other intelligent agents move from simple environments and problems to more complex, unstructured settings, manually programming their behavior has become increasingly challenging and expensive. Often, it is easier for a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-11-19 Takayuki Osa , Joni Pajarinen , Gerhard Neumann , J. Andrew Bagnell , Pieter Abbeel , Jan Peters

The principles of statistical mechanics and information theory play an important role in learning and have inspired both theory and the design of numerous machine learning algorithms. The new aspect in this paper is a focus on integrating…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-05-13 Susanne Still

Imitation learning can reproduce policies by observing experts, which poses a problem regarding policy privacy. Policies, such as human, or policies on deployed robots, can all be cloned without consent from the owners. How can we protect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Albert Zhan , Stas Tiomkin , Pieter Abbeel

Imitation learning aims to extract high-performance policies from logged demonstrations of expert behavior. It is common to frame imitation learning as a supervised learning problem in which one fits a function approximator to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Mengjiao Yang , Dale Schuurmans , Pieter Abbeel , Ofir Nachum

Imitation learning is a widely used approach for training agents to replicate expert behavior in complex decision-making tasks. However, existing methods often struggle with compounding errors and limited generalization, due to the inherent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Haldun Balim , Yang Hu , Yuyang Zhang , Na Li

Imitation learning seeks to circumvent the difficulty in designing proper reward functions for training agents by utilizing expert behavior. With environments modeled as Markov Decision Processes (MDP), most of the existing imitation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Dripta S. Raychaudhuri , Sujoy Paul , Jeroen van Baar , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury

Machine language acquisition is often presented as a problem of imitation learning: there exists a community of language users from which a learner observes speech acts and attempts to decode the mappings between utterances and situations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Dylan Cope , Peter McBurney