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This paper proposes the first user-independent inter-keystroke timing attacks on PINs. Our attack method is based on an inter-keystroke timing dictionary built from a human cognitive model whose parameters can be determined by a small…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-18 Ximing Liu , Yingjiu Li , Robert H. Deng , Bing Chang , Shujun Li

We compare two different implementations of fault-tolerant entangling gates on logical qubits. In one instance, a twelve-qubit trapped-ion quantum computer is used to implement a non-transversal logical CNOT gate between two five qubit…

Improving the generalization ability of Vision-Language Pre-trained Models (VLMs) under test-time data distribution shifts remains a critical challenge. The existing Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) methods fall short in fully leveraging the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Jiaming Yi , Ruirui Pan , Jishen Yang , Xiulong Yang

The massive growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) as a network of interconnected entities [18], brings up new challenges in terms of privacy and security requirements to the traditional software engineering domain [4]. To protect the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Parvaneh Shayegh , Vijayanta Jain , Amin Rabinia , Sepideh Ghanavati

Computer users are generally authenticated by means of a password. Unfortunately passwords are often forgotten and replacement is expensive and inconvenient. Some people write their passwords down but these records can easily be lost or…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2014-08-12 Tony McBryan , Karen Renaud , J. Paul Siebert

We conducted an online study with $n = 235$ Signal users on their understanding and usage of PINs in Signal. In our study, we observe a split in PIN management and composition strategies between users who can explain the purpose of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Daniel V. Bailey , Philipp Markert , Adam J. Aviv

Benchmarking and characterising quantum states and logic gates is essential in the development of devices for quantum computing. We introduce a Bayesian approach to self-consistent process tomography, called fast Bayesian tomography (FBT),…

The steady increase in control over individual quantum systems has backed the dream of a quantum technology that provides functionalities beyond any classical device. Two particularly promising applications have been explored during the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-10 Andreas Reiserer , Norbert Kalb , Gerhard Rempe , Stephan Ritter

Nowadays, most mobile devices support biometric authentication schemes like fingerprint or face unlock. However, these probabilistic mechanisms can only be activated in combination with a second alternative factor, usually knowledge-based…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Christian Tiefenau , Maximilian Häring , Mohamed Khamis , Emanuel von Zezschwitz

Voice-controlled smart speaker devices have gained a foothold in many modern households. Their prevalence combined with their intrusion into core private spheres of life has motivated research on security and privacy intrusions, especially…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Maliheh Shirvanian , Sebastian Meiser

Mobile device users avoiding observational attacks and coping with situational impairments may employ techniques for eyes-free mobile unlock authentication, where a user enters his/her passcode without looking at the device. This study…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-06-01 Flynn Wolf , Adam J. Aviv , Ravi Kuber

This paper studies leakage of user passwords and PINs based on observations of typing feedback on screens or from projectors in the form of masked characters that indicate keystrokes. To this end, we developed an attack called Password and…

There exist a wide range of single number metrics for assessing performance of classification algorithms, including AUC and the F1-score (Wikipedia lists 17 such metrics, with 27 different names). In this article, I propose a new metric to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-21 David J. T. Sumpter

Defining quantum dots in semiconductor based heterostructures is an essential step in initializing solid-state qubits. With growing device complexity and increasing number of functional devices required for measurements, a manual approach…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-13 J. Darulová , S. J. Pauka , N. Wiebe , K. W. Chan , G. C. Gardener , M. J. Manfra , M. C. Cassidy , M. Troyer

We present efficient methods to reliably characterize and tune gate-defined semiconductor spin qubits. Our methods are designed to target the tuning procedures of semiconductor double quantum dot in GaAs heterostructures, but can easily be…

The boosting on the need of security notably increased the amount of possible facial recognition applications, especially due to the success of the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm. However, although handcrafted and deep learning-inspired…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Giulia Orrù , Gian Luca Marcialis , Fabio Roli

The standard methods of identification such as PIN Numbers (Personal Identification Number), Passwords, smart cards can be easily stolen and can be misused easily. To overcome this, biometric is introduced, as it will be unique to each…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-26 R. Sridevi , P. Shobana

The Internet of Things (IoT) expansion has brought a new era of connected devices, including wearable devices like smartwatches and medical monitors, that are becoming integral parts of our daily lives. These devices not only offer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Haobo Yang

Nowadays, we are increasingly logging on many different Internet sites to access private data like emails or photos remotely stored in the clouds. This makes us all the more concerned with digital identity theft and passwords being stolen…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2013-04-25 Frank Nielsen

This paper proposes a method for identification of a user`s fixed string set (which can be a command/instruction set for a terminal or microprocessor). This method is fast and has very small memory requirements, compared to a traditional…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Dimitrios Skraparlis