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Adapter-based tuning has recently arisen as an alternative to fine-tuning. It works by adding light-weight adapter modules to a pretrained language model (PrLM) and only updating the parameters of adapter modules when learning on a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Ruidan He , Linlin Liu , Hai Ye , Qingyu Tan , Bosheng Ding , Liying Cheng , Jia-Wei Low , Lidong Bing , Luo Si

Cross-lingual transfer, where a high-resource transfer language is used to improve the accuracy of a low-resource task language, is now an invaluable tool for improving performance of natural language processing (NLP) on low-resource…

Multilingual pre-trained contextual embedding models (Devlin et al., 2019) have achieved impressive performance on zero-shot cross-lingual transfer tasks. Finding the most effective fine-tuning strategy to fine-tune these models on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Weijia Xu , Batool Haider , Jason Krone , Saab Mansour

Foundation models excel across diverse tasks, but adapting them to specialized applications often requires fine-tuning, an approach that is memory and compute-intensive. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods mitigate this by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Abel Gurung , Joseph Campbell

In this work we present a systematic empirical study focused on the suitability of the state-of-the-art multilingual encoders for cross-lingual document and sentence retrieval tasks across a number of diverse language pairs. We first treat…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Robert Litschko , Ivan Vulić , Simone Paolo Ponzetto , Goran Glavaš

Prompt tuning, in which a base pretrained model is adapted to each task via conditioning on learned prompt vectors, has emerged as a promising approach for efficiently adapting large language models to multiple downstream tasks. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Zhen Wang , Rameswar Panda , Leonid Karlinsky , Rogerio Feris , Huan Sun , Yoon Kim

Adapting a neural text-to-speech (TTS) model to a target speaker typically involves fine-tuning most if not all of the parameters of a pretrained multi-speaker backbone model. However, serving hundreds of fine-tuned neural TTS models is…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Nobuyuki Morioka , Heiga Zen , Nanxin Chen , Yu Zhang , Yifan Ding

Prompt tuning (PT) is a promising parameter-efficient method to utilize extremely large pre-trained language models (PLMs), which can achieve comparable performance to full-parameter fine-tuning by only tuning a few soft prompts. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Yusheng Su , Xiaozhi Wang , Yujia Qin , Chi-Min Chan , Yankai Lin , Huadong Wang , Kaiyue Wen , Zhiyuan Liu , Peng Li , Juanzi Li , Lei Hou , Maosong Sun , Jie Zhou

Self-supervised pre-training of a speech foundation model, followed by supervised fine-tuning, has shown impressive quality improvements on automatic speech recognition (ASR) tasks. Fine-tuning separate foundation models for many downstream…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Zhouyuan Huo , Khe Chai Sim , Bo Li , Dongseong Hwang , Tara N. Sainath , Trevor Strohman

In this study, we aim to explore efficient tuning methods for speech self-supervised learning. Recent studies show that self-supervised learning (SSL) can learn powerful representations for different speech tasks. However, fine-tuning…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-31 Zih-Ching Chen , Chin-Lun Fu , Chih-Ying Liu , Shang-Wen Li , Hung-yi Lee

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) for low-resource languages remains a challenge due to the scarcity of labeled training data. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning and text-only adaptation are two popular methods that have been used to address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Abhishek Gupta , Amruta Parulekar , Sameep Chattopadhyay , Preethi Jyothi

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) techniques have emerged to address overfitting and high computational costs associated with fully fine-tuning in self-supervised learning. Mainstream PEFT methods add a few trainable parameters while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Xingliang Lei , Yiwen Ye , Zhisong Wang , Ziyang Chen , Minglei Shu , Weidong Cai , Yanning Zhang , Yong Xia

We introduce a novel method that enables parameter-efficient transfer and multi-task learning with deep neural networks. The basic approach is to learn a model patch - a small set of parameters - that will specialize to each task, instead…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Pramod Kaushik Mudrakarta , Mark Sandler , Andrey Zhmoginov , Andrew Howard

Although the advancements of pre-trained Large Language Models have significantly accelerated recent progress in NLP, their ever-increasing size poses significant challenges for conventional fine-tuning, especially in memory-intensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Chenxi Whitehouse , Fantine Huot , Jasmijn Bastings , Mostafa Dehghani , Chu-Cheng Lin , Mirella Lapata

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in zero-shot and few-shot tasks, but achieving similar performance with encoder-only models like BERT and RoBERTa has been challenging due to their architecture. However, encoders offer advantages such as…

Adapter modules, additional trainable parameters that enable efficient fine-tuning of pretrained transformers, have recently been used for language specialization of multilingual transformers, improving downstream zero-shot cross-lingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Marko Vidoni , Ivan Vulić , Goran Glavaš

Prompting language models (LMs) with training examples and task descriptions has been seen as critical to recent successes in few-shot learning. In this work, we show that finetuning LMs in the few-shot setting can considerably reduce the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Robert L. Logan , Ivana Balažević , Eric Wallace , Fabio Petroni , Sameer Singh , Sebastian Riedel

Large language models (LLMs) are a promising avenue for machine translation (MT). However, current LLM-based MT systems are brittle: their effectiveness highly depends on the choice of few-shot examples and they often require extra…

Neural language modeling (LM) has led to significant improvements in several applications, including Automatic Speech Recognition. However, they typically require large amounts of training data, which is not available for many domains and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Navid Rekabsaz , Nikolaos Pappas , James Henderson , Banriskhem K. Khonglah , Srikanth Madikeri

Cross-lingual speech adaptation aims to solve the problem of leveraging multiple rich-resource languages to build models for a low-resource target language. Since the low-resource language has limited training data, speech recognition…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Wenxin Hou , Han Zhu , Yidong Wang , Jindong Wang , Tao Qin , Renjun Xu , Takahiro Shinozaki
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