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LLM watermarks stand out as a promising way to attribute ownership of LLM-generated text. One threat to watermark credibility comes from spoofing attacks, where an unauthorized third party forges the watermark, enabling it to falsely…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Thibaud Gloaguen , Nikola Jovanović , Robin Staab , Martin Vechev

Modern generative diffusion models rely on vast training datasets, often including images with uncertain ownership or usage rights. Radioactive watermarks -- marks that transfer to a model's outputs -- can help detect when such unauthorized…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Kexin Li , Guozhen Ding , Ilya Grishchenko , David Lie

Dynamic watermarking, as an active intrusion detection technique, can potentially detect replay attacks, spoofing attacks, and deception attacks in the feedback channel for control systems. In this paper, we develop a novel dynamic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-10 Jiacheng Tang , Jiguo Song , Abhishek Gupta

Although deep neural networks have made tremendous progress in the area of multimedia representation, training neural models requires a large amount of data and time. It is well-known that utilizing trained models as initial weights often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-09 Yuki Nagai , Yusuke Uchida , Shigeyuki Sakazawa , Shin'ichi Satoh

Static deep neural network (DNN) watermarking techniques typically employ irreversible methods to embed watermarks into the DNN model weights. However, this approach causes permanent damage to the watermarked model and fails to meet the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Junren Qin , Shanxiang Lyu , Fan Yang , Jiarui Deng , Zhihua Xia , Xiaochun Cao

Due to the wide distribution and usage of digital media, an important issue is protection of the digital content. There is a number of algorithms and techniques developed for the digital watermarking.In this paper, the invisible image…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2015-02-09 Jelena Music , Ivan Knezevic , Edis Franca

With the significant advances in deep generative models for image and video synthesis, Deepfakes and manipulated media have raised severe societal concerns. Conventional machine learning classifiers for deepfake detection often fail to cope…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Aakash Varma Nadimpalli , Ajita Rattani

We revisit watermarking techniques based on pre-trained deep networks, in the light of self-supervised approaches. We present a way to embed both marks and binary messages into their latent spaces, leveraging data augmentation at marking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Pierre Fernandez , Alexandre Sablayrolles , Teddy Furon , Hervé Jégou , Matthijs Douze

This paper presents a new approach for embedding authentication information into image on printed materials based on optical projection technique. Our experimental setup consists of two parts, one is a common camera, and the other is a LCD…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2013-02-21 Tan Yi-zhou , Liu Hai-bo , Huang Shui-hua , Sheng Ben-jian , Pan Zhong-ming

As diffusion models (DMs) enable photorealistic image generation at unprecedented scale, watermarking techniques have become essential for provenance establishment and accountability. Existing methods face challenges: sampling-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Hong-Hanh Nguyen-Le , Van-Tuan Tran , Thuc D. Nguyen , Nhien-An Le-Khac

In today's digital landscape, the blending of AI-generated and authentic content has underscored the need for copyright protection and content authentication. Watermarking has become a vital tool to address these challenges, safeguarding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Runyi Hu , Jie Zhang , Yiming Li , Jiwei Li , Qing Guo , Han Qiu , Tianwei Zhang

Watermarking technology has gained significant attention due to the increasing importance of intellectual property (IP) rights, particularly with the growing deployment of large language models (LLMs) on billions resource-constrained edge…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Qingxiao Guo , Xinjie Zhu , Yilong Ma , Hui Jin , Yunhao Wang , Weifeng Zhang , Xiaobing Guo

Estimation of the Embedding capacity is an important problem specifically in reversible multi-pass watermarking and is required for analysis before any image can be watermarked. In this paper, we propose an efficient method for estimating…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-02-08 Rishabh Iyer , Rushikesh Borse , Ronak Shah , Subhasis Chaudhuri

The emergence of distributed manufacturing ecosystems for electronic hardware involving untrusted parties has given rise to diverse trust issues. In particular, IP piracy, overproduction, and hardware Trojan attacks pose significant threats…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Abhishek Nair , Patanjali SLPSK , Chester Rebeiro , Swarup Bhunia

Contrastive learning (CL) reduces annotation cost via auto-derived supervisory signals. Since large-scale in-house CL datasets are infeasible, reliance on third-party or internet data is common. Recent studies show CL models are vulnerable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Zhiyang Dai , Yansong Gao , Boyu Kuang , Haodong Li , Qi Chang , Gaurav Varshney , Derek Abbott , Anmin Fu

We introduce models and algorithmic foundations for graph watermarking. Our frameworks include security definitions and proofs, as well as characterizations when graph watermarking is algorithmically feasible, in spite of the fact that the…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2016-06-01 David Eppstein , Michael T. Goodrich , Jenny Lam , Nil Mamano , Michael Mitzenmacher , Manuel Torres

As AI-generated imagery becomes ubiquitous, invisible watermarks have emerged as a primary line of defense for copyright and provenance. The newest watermarking schemes embed semantic signals - content-aware patterns that are designed to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Krti Tallam , John Kevin Cava , Caleb Geniesse , N. Benjamin Erichson , Michael W. Mahoney

The continuous shift of computational bottlenecks to the memory access and data transfer, especially for AI applications, poses the urgent needs of re-engineering the computer architecture fundamentals. Many edge computing applications,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-31 Georgios Papandroulidakis , Shady Agwa , Ahmet Cirakoglu , Themis Prodromakis

As the demand for efficient, low-power computing in embedded and edge devices grows, traditional computing methods are becoming less effective for handling complex tasks. Stochastic computing (SC) offers a promising alternative by…

Deepfake speech attribution remains challenging for existing solutions. Classifier-based solutions often fail to generalize to domain-shifted samples, and watermarking-based solutions are easily compromised by distortions like codec…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-16 Wanying Ge , Xin Wang , Junichi Yamagishi