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This paper proposes a new approach to perform unsupervised fine-tuning and self-training using unlabeled speech data for recurrent neural network (RNN)-Transducer (RNN-T) end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-01 Cong-Thanh Do , Mohan Li , Rama Doddipatla

Compared with only using limited authentic parallel data as training corpus, many studies have proved that incorporating synthetic parallel data, which generated by back translation (BT) or forward translation (FT, or selftraining), into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Shanbo Cheng , Shaohui Kuang , Rongxiang Weng , Heng Yu , Changfeng Zhu , Weihua Luo

Natural language BERTs are trained with language corpus in a self-supervised manner. Unlike natural language BERTs, vision language BERTs need paired data to train, which restricts the scale of VL-BERT pretraining. We propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-20 Xiaofeng Yang , Fengmao Lv , Fayao Liu , Guosheng Lin

Few-shot keyword spotting aims to detect previously unseen keywords with very limited labeled samples. A pre-training and adaptation paradigm is typically adopted for this task. While effective in clean conditions, most existing approaches…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Junming Yuan , Ying Shi , Dong Wang , Lantian Li , Askar Hamdulla

This paper introduces ASTRA, a novel method for improving Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) through text injection.Unlike prevailing techniques, ASTRA eliminates the need for sampling to match sequence lengths between speech and text…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-27 Neeraj Gaur , Rohan Agrawal , Gary Wang , Parisa Haghani , Andrew Rosenberg , Bhuvana Ramabhadran

Spoken language understanding (SLU) is a task aiming to extract high-level semantics from spoken utterances. Previous works have investigated the use of speech self-supervised models and textual pre-trained models, which have shown…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Jiatong Shi , Chan-Jan Hsu , Holam Chung , Dongji Gao , Paola Garcia , Shinji Watanabe , Ann Lee , Hung-yi Lee

Advances in speech representation and large language models have enhanced zero-shot text-to-speech (TTS) performance. However, existing zero-shot TTS models face challenges in capturing the complex correlations between acoustic and semantic…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-29 Jingyuan Xing , Zhipeng Li , Jialong Mai , Xiaofen Xing , Xiangmin Xu

The recent emergence of joint CTC-Attention model shows significant improvement in automatic speech recognition (ASR). The improvement largely lies in the modeling of linguistic information by decoder. The decoder joint-optimized with an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Xulong Zhang , Jianzong Wang , Ning Cheng , Mengyuan Zhao , Zhiyong Zhang , Jing Xiao

We present JOIST, an algorithm to train a streaming, cascaded, encoder end-to-end (E2E) model with both speech-text paired inputs, and text-only unpaired inputs. Unlike previous works, we explore joint training with both modalities, rather…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Tara N. Sainath , Rohit Prabhavalkar , Ankur Bapna , Yu Zhang , Zhouyuan Huo , Zhehuai Chen , Bo Li , Weiran Wang , Trevor Strohman

This paper proposes a novel approach to pre-train encoder-decoder sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) model with unpaired speech and transcripts respectively. Our pre-training method is divided into two stages, named acoustic pre-trianing and…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-01-03 Zhiyun Fan , Shiyu Zhou , Bo Xu

We propose a simple method for automatic speech recognition (ASR) by fine-tuning BERT, which is a language model (LM) trained on large-scale unlabeled text data and can generate rich contextual representations. Our assumption is that given…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Wen-Chin Huang , Chia-Hua Wu , Shang-Bao Luo , Kuan-Yu Chen , Hsin-Min Wang , Tomoki Toda

In this paper, we take a step towards jointly modeling automatic speech recognition (STT) and speech synthesis (TTS) in a fully non-autoregressive way. We develop a novel multimodal framework capable of handling the speech and text…

Active learning is an iterative labeling process that is used to obtain a small labeled subset, despite the absence of labeled data, thereby enabling to train a model for supervised tasks such as text classification. While active learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Christopher Schröder , Gerhard Heyer

Automatic speech recognition for low-resource languages remains fundamentally constrained by the scarcity of labeled data and computational resources required by state-of-the-art models. We present a systematic investigation into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Srihari Bandarupalli , Bhavana Akkiraju , Charan Devarakonda , Vamsiraghusimha Narsinga , Anil Kumar Vuppala

Research in auditory, visual, and audiovisual speech recognition (ASR, VSR, and AVSR, respectively) has traditionally been conducted independently. Even recent self-supervised studies addressing two or all three tasks simultaneously tend to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Alexandros Haliassos , Rodrigo Mira , Honglie Chen , Zoe Landgraf , Stavros Petridis , Maja Pantic

Self-supervised learning (SSL) techniques have achieved remarkable results in various speech processing tasks. Nonetheless, a significant challenge remains in reducing the reliance on vast amounts of speech data for pre-training. This paper…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-05 Po-chun Hsu , Ali Elkahky , Wei-Ning Hsu , Yossi Adi , Tu Anh Nguyen , Jade Copet , Emmanuel Dupoux , Hung-yi Lee , Abdelrahman Mohamed

Speech representation learning approaches for non-semantic tasks such as language recognition have either explored supervised embedding extraction methods using a classifier model or self-supervised representation learning approaches using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Shikhar Vashishth , Shikhar Bharadwaj , Sriram Ganapathy , Ankur Bapna , Min Ma , Wei Han , Vera Axelrod , Partha Talukdar

Building Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems for code-switched speech has recently gained renewed attention due to the widespread use of speech technologies in multilingual communities worldwide. End-to-end ASR systems are a natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Yash Sharma , Basil Abraham , Karan Taneja , Preethi Jyothi

Speech samples recorded in both indoor and outdoor environments are often contaminated with secondary audio sources. Most end-to-end monaural speech recognition systems either remove these background sounds using speech enhancement or train…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-04 Chaitanya Narisetty , Emiru Tsunoo , Xuankai Chang , Yosuke Kashiwagi , Michael Hentschel , Shinji Watanabe

Creating Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems that are robust and resilient to classroom conditions is paramount to the development of AI tools to aid teachers and students. In this work, we study the efficacy of continued pretraining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Ahmed Adel Attia , Dorottya Demszky , Tolulope Ogunremi , Jing Liu , Carol Espy-Wilson