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Related papers: Policy Learning with Competing Agents

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This paper studies the problem of estimating individualized treatment rules when treatment effects are partially identified, as it is often the case with observational data. By drawing connections between the treatment assignment problem…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-01-02 Riccardo D'Adamo

We explore deep reinforcement learning methods for multi-agent domains. We begin by analyzing the difficulty of traditional algorithms in the multi-agent case: Q-learning is challenged by an inherent non-stationarity of the environment,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Ryan Lowe , Yi Wu , Aviv Tamar , Jean Harb , Pieter Abbeel , Igor Mordatch

Strategic classification studies the problem where self-interested individuals or agents manipulate their response to obtain favorable decision outcomes made by classifiers, typically turning to dishonest actions when they are less costly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Ziyuan Huang , Lina Alkarmi , Mingyan Liu

We study treatment assignment problems under capacity constraints, where a planner aims to maximize social welfare by assigning treatments based on observable covariates. Such constraints, common when treatments are costly or limited in…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-09-12 Keita Sunada , Kohei Izumi

From autonomous driving to package delivery, ensuring safe yet efficient multi-agent interaction is challenging as the interaction dynamics are influenced by hard-to-model factors such as social norms and contextual cues. Understanding…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-11 Isaac Remy , David Fridovich-Keil , Karen Leung

Automated decision-making tools increasingly assess individuals to determine if they qualify for high-stakes opportunities. A recent line of research investigates how strategic agents may respond to such scoring tools to receive favorable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Keegan Harris , Hoda Heidari , Zhiwei Steven Wu

We study the problem of allocating $T$ sequentially arriving items among $n$ homogeneous agents under the constraint that each agent must receive a pre-specified fraction of all items, with the objective of maximizing the agents' total…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Steven Yin , Shipra Agrawal , Assaf Zeevi

All biological and artificial agents must learn and make decisions given limits on their ability to process information. As such, a general theory of adaptive behavior should be able to account for the complex interactions between an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-08 Dilip Arumugam , Mark K. Ho , Noah D. Goodman , Benjamin Van Roy

Existing multi-agent reinforcement learning methods are limited typically to a small number of agents. When the agent number increases largely, the learning becomes intractable due to the curse of the dimensionality and the exponential…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Yaodong Yang , Rui Luo , Minne Li , Ming Zhou , Weinan Zhang , Jun Wang

Multi-agent reinforcement learning methods have shown remarkable potential in solving complex multi-agent problems but mostly lack theoretical guarantees. Recently, mean field control and mean field games have been established as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Kai Cui , Anam Tahir , Mark Sinzger , Heinz Koeppl

Many potential applications of reinforcement learning in the real world involve interacting with other agents whose numbers vary over time. We propose new neural policy architectures for these multi-agent problems. In contrast to other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Matthew A. Wright , Roberto Horowitz

Strategic classification studies the problem where self-interested individuals or agents manipulate their response to obtain favorable decision outcomes made by classifiers, typically turning to dishonest actions when they are less costly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ziyuan Huang , Lina Alkarmi , Mingyan Liu

When developing reinforcement learning agents, the standard approach is to train an agent to converge to a fixed policy that is as close to optimal as possible for a single fixed reward function. If different agent behaviour is required in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-01-29 David O'Callaghan , Patrick Mannion

A researcher allocates a budget of informative tests across multiple unknown attributes to influence a decision-maker. We derive the researcher's equilibrium learning strategy by solving an auxiliary single-player problem. The attribute…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-11-27 Jean-Michel Benkert , Ludmila Matyskova , Egor Starkov

Autonomous agents often require multiple strategies to solve complex tasks, but determining when to switch between strategies remains challenging. This research introduces a reinforcement learning technique to learn switching thresholds…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Chris Tava

We study the design of decision-making mechanism for resource allocations over a multi-agent system in a dynamic environment. Agents' privately observed preference over resources evolves over time and the population is dynamic due to the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-20 Tao Zhang , Quanyan Zhu

There is increasing interest in allocating treatments based on observed individual characteristics: examples include targeted marketing, individualized credit offers, and heterogeneous pricing. Treatment personalization introduces…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-04-06 Evan Munro

In multi-agent tasks, the central challenge lies in the dynamic adaptation of strategies. However, directly conditioning on opponents' strategies is intractable in the prevalent deep reinforcement learning paradigm due to a fundamental…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Yue Lin , Shuhui Zhu , Wenhao Li , Ang Li , Dan Qiao , Pascal Poupart , Hongyuan Zha , Baoxiang Wang

When consequential decisions are informed by algorithmic input, individuals may feel compelled to alter their behavior in order to gain a system's approval. Models of agent responsiveness, termed "strategic manipulation," analyze the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-13 Lily Hu , Nicole Immorlica , Jennifer Wortman Vaughan

In many areas, practitioners seek to use observational data to learn a treatment assignment policy that satisfies application-specific constraints, such as budget, fairness, simplicity, or other functional form constraints. For example,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-08 Susan Athey , Stefan Wager