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Related papers: Compliance Checking with NLI: Privacy Policies vs.…

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Deep learning (DL) models for natural language processing (NLP) tasks often handle private data, demanding protection against breaches and disclosures. Data protection laws, such as the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Samuel Sousa , Roman Kern

Native language identification (NLI) is the task of training (via supervised machine learning) a classifier that guesses the native language of the author of a text. This task has been extensively researched in the last decade, and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Barbara Berti , Andrea Esuli , Fabrizio Sebastiani

This work investigates the effectiveness of different pseudonymization techniques, ranging from rule-based substitutions to using pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs), on a variety of datasets and models used for two widely used NLP…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Oleksandr Yermilov , Vipul Raheja , Artem Chernodub

This research addresses privacy protection in Natural Language Processing (NLP) by introducing a novel algorithm based on differential privacy, aimed at safeguarding user data in common applications such as chatbots, sentiment analysis, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Shaobo Liu , Guiran Liu , Binrong Zhu , Yuanshuai Luo , Linxiao Wu , Rui Wang

To provide privacy-aware software systems, it is crucial to consider privacy from the very beginning of the development. However, developers do not have the expertise and the knowledge required to embed the legal and social requirements for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Francesco Casillo , Vincenzo Deufemia , Carmine Gravino

Technological advances in information sharing have raised concerns about data protection. Privacy policies contain privacy-related requirements about how the personal data of individuals will be handled by an organization or a software…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Orlando Amaral , Sallam Abualhaija , Damiano Torre , Mehrdad Sabetzadeh , Lionel C. Briand

The recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have significantly expanded their applications across various fields such as language generation, summarization, and complex question answering. However, their application to privacy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Yang Liu , Xichou Zhu , Zhou Shen , Yi Liu , Min Li , Yujun Chen , Benzi John , Zhenzhen Ma , Tao Hu , Zhi Li , Bolong Yang , Manman Wang , Zongxing Xie , Peng Liu , Dan Cai , Junhui Wang

Large language models (LLMs) are complex artificial intelligence systems capable of understanding, generating and translating human language. They learn language patterns by analyzing large amounts of text data, allowing them to perform…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Biwei Yan , Kun Li , Minghui Xu , Yueyan Dong , Yue Zhang , Zhaochun Ren , Xiuzhen Cheng

Large language model (LLM) services have been rapidly integrated into people's daily lives as chatbots and agentic systems. They are nourished by collecting rich streams of data, raising privacy concerns around excessive collection of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Zhen Tao , Shidong Pan , Zhenchang Xing , Emily Black , Talia Gillis , Chunyang Chen

Most users agree to online privacy policies without reading or understanding them, even though these documents govern how personal data is collected, shared, and monetized. Privacy policies are typically long, legally complex, and difficult…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Sriharshini Kalvakuntla , Luoxi Tang , Yuqiao Meng , Zhaohan Xi

When users submit queries to Large Language Models (LLMs), their prompts can often contain sensitive data, forcing a difficult choice: Send the query to a powerful proprietary LLM providers to achieving state-of-the-art performance and risk…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zheng Hui , Yijiang River Dong , Sanhanat Sivapiromrat , Ehsan Shareghi , Nigel Collier

Privacy policies are the primary channel through which companies inform users about their data collection and sharing practices. These policies are often long and difficult to comprehend. Short notices based on information extracted from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-02 Hamza Harkous , Kassem Fawaz , Rémi Lebret , Florian Schaub , Kang G. Shin , Karl Aberer

Privacy research has attracted wide attention as individuals worry that their private data can be easily leaked during interactions with smart devices, social platforms, and AI applications. Computer science researchers, on the other hand,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Haoran Li , Wei Fan , Yulin Chen , Jiayang Cheng , Tianshu Chu , Xuebing Zhou , Peizhao Hu , Yangqiu Song

Natural language inference (NLI) is a fundamental NLP task, investigating the entailment relationship between two texts. Popular NLI datasets present the task at sentence-level. While adequate for testing semantic representations, they fall…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Hanmeng Liu , Leyang Cui , Jian Liu , Yue Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in fields such as finance, education, and governance due to their ability to generate human-like text and adapt to specialized tasks. However, their widespread adoption raises critical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yu Wang , Cailing Cai , Zhihua Xiao , Peifung E. Lam

Website privacy policies are too long to read and difficult to understand. The over-sophisticated language makes privacy notices to be less effective than they should be. People become even less willing to share their personal information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-29 Fei Liu , Nicole Lee Fella , Kexin Liao

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly integral to diverse applications, their capabilities raise significant privacy concerns. This survey offers a comprehensive overview of privacy risks associated with LLMs and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Kang Chen , Xiuze Zhou , Yuanguo Lin , Shibo Feng , Li Shen , Pengcheng Wu

Privacy policies are legal documents that describe how a website will collect, use, and distribute a user's data. Unfortunately, such documents are often overly complicated and filled with legal jargon; making it difficult for users to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-12 Zachary Lindner

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is integral to social media analytics but often processes content containing Personally Identifiable Information (PII), behavioral cues, and metadata raising privacy risks such as surveillance, profiling,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Dhiman Goswami , Jai Kruthunz Naveen Kumar , Sanchari Das

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a significant advancement in artificial intelligence, finding applications across various domains. However, their reliance on massive internet-sourced datasets for training brings notable privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Michele Miranda , Elena Sofia Ruzzetti , Andrea Santilli , Fabio Massimo Zanzotto , Sébastien Bratières , Emanuele Rodolà