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Related papers: Towards Web Phishing Detection Limitations and Mit…

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The growing cybersecurity threats make it essential to use high-quality data to train Machine Learning (ML) models for network traffic analysis, without noisy or missing data. By selecting the most relevant features for cyber-attack…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-09 João Vitorino , Miguel Silva , Eva Maia , Isabel Praça

Anti-phishing tools typically display generic warnings that offer users limited explanation on why a website is considered malicious, which can prevent end-users from developing the mental models needed to recognize phishing cues on their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Sayak Saha Roy , Cesar Torres , Shirin Nilizadeh

The growth of digitalization services via web browsers has simplified our daily routine of doing business. But at the same time, it has made the web browser very attractive for several cyber-attacks. Web phishing is a well-known cyberattack…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Leand Thaqi , Arbnor Halili , Kamer Vishi , Blerim Rexha

The problem of detecting phishing emails through machine learning techniques has been discussed extensively in the literature. Conventional and state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms have demonstrated the possibility of building…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Luis Felipe Gutiérrez , Faranak Abri , Miriam Armstrong , Akbar Siami Namin , Keith S. Jones

Social engineering attacks delivered via email, commonly known as phishing, represent a persistent cybersecurity threat leading to significant organizational incidents and data breaches. Although many organizations train employees on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Andrew T. Rozema , James C. Davis

Background. The recent surge in phishing attacks keeps undermining the effectiveness of the traditional anti-phishing blacklist approaches. On-device anti-phishing solutions are gaining popularity as they offer faster phishing detection…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Ivan Petrukha , Nataliia Stulova , Sergii Kryvoblotskyi

Phishing attacks represents one of the primary attack methods which is used by cyber attackers. In many cases, attackers use deceptive emails along with malicious attachments to trick users into giving away sensitive information or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Fatemeh Nejati , Mahdi Rabbani , Morteza Eskandarian , Mansur Mirani , Gunjan Piya , Igor Opushnyev , Ali A. Ghorbani , Sajjad Dadkhah

Smishing, also known as SMS phishing, is a type of fraudulent communication in which an attacker disguises SMS communications to deceive a target into providing their sensitive data. Smishing attacks use a variety of tactics; however, they…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Daniel Timko , Muhammad Lutfor Rahman

Phishing is recognised as a serious threat to organisations and individuals. While there have been significant technical advances in blocking phishing attacks, people remain the last line of defence after phishing emails reach their email…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Sijie Zhuo , Robert Biddle , Yun Sing Koh , Danielle Lottridge , Giovanni Russello

Email phishing remains a prevalent cyber threat, targeting victims to extract sensitive information or deploy malicious software. This paper explores the integration of open-source intelligence (OSINT) tools and machine learning (ML) models…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Panharith An , Rana Shafi , Tionge Mughogho , Onyango Allan Onyango

The hypothesis here states that neural network algorithms such as Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP) have higher accuracy in differentiating malicious and semi-structured phishing URLs. Compared to classical machine learning algorithms such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Pow Chang

Social media platforms enable instant and ubiquitous connectivity and are essential to social interaction and communication in our technological society. Apart from its advantages, these platforms have given rise to negative behaviors in…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Silvia García-Méndez , Francisco De Arriba-Pérez

Phishing has become a prominent risk in modern cybersecurity, often used to bypass technological defences by exploiting predictable human behaviour. Warning dialogues are a standard mitigation measure, but the lack of explanatory clarity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Federico Maria Cau , Giuseppe Desolda , Francesco Greco , Lucio Davide Spano , Luca Viganò

Phishing emails typically masquerade themselves as reputable identities to trick people into providing sensitive information and credentials. Despite advancements in cybersecurity, attackers continuously adapt, posing ongoing threats to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Sijie Zhuo , Robert Biddle , Jared Daniel Recomendable , Giovanni Russello , Danielle Lottridge

Several previous studies have investigated user susceptibility to phishing attacks. A thorough meta-analysis or systematic review is required to gain a better understanding of these findings and to assess the strength of evidence for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Shahryar Baki , Rakesh Verma

Magecart skimming attacks have emerged as a significant threat to client-side security and user trust in online payment systems. This paper addresses the challenge of achieving robust and explainable detection of Magecart attacks through a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Pedro Pereira , José Gouveia , João Vitorino , Eva Maia , Isabel Praça

Malicious advertisement URLs pose a security risk since they are the source of cyber-attacks, and the need to address this issue is growing in both industry and academia. Generally, the attacker delivers an attack vector to the user by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-29 Ehsan Nowroozi , Abhishek , Mohammadreza Mohammadi , Mauro Conti

Applications over the Web primarily rely on the HTTP protocol to transmit web pages to and from systems. There are a variety of application layer protocols, but among all, HTTP is the most targeted because of its versatility and ease of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Upasana Sarmah , Parthajit Borah , D. K. Bhattacharyya

Fraudulent activities on digital banking services are becoming more intricate by the day, challenging existing defenses. While older rule driven methods struggle to keep pace, even precision focused algorithms fall short when new scams are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Karthikeyan V. R. , Premnath S. , Kavinraaj S. , J. Sangeetha

Spear phishing is a complex targeted attack in which, an attacker harvests information about the victim prior to the attack. This information is then used to create sophisticated, genuine-looking attack vectors, drawing the victim to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2014-06-17 Prateek Dewan , Anand Kashyap , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru