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Crystallization is a process of great practical relevance in which rare but crucial fluctuations lead to the formation of a solid phase starting from the liquid. Like in all first order first transitions there is an interplay between…
The incredible thermo-mechanical properties of biological materials arise from the microscopic scale due to a complex hierarchical mechanism, regulated by microinstabilities at the molecular level. The description of such complex structures…
We study heat transfer from a heated nanoparticle into surrounding fluid, using molecular dynamics simulations. We show that the fluid next to the nanoparticle can be heated well above its boiling point without a phase change. Under…
Every time a chemical reaction occurs, an energy exchange between reactants and environment exists, which is defined as the enthalpy of the reaction. In the last decades, research has resulted in an increasing number of devices at the…
We report the first observation of temperature-controlled reentrant transition in simulations of mixtures of small and big particles interacting via soft repulsive potential in 2D. As temperature increases, the system passes from a fluid…
Building on a general variational framework for multi-fluid dynamics, we discuss finite temperature effects in superfluids. The main aim is to provide insight into the modelling of more complex finite temperature superfluid systems, like…
The role of quantum entanglement in thermodynamical systems remains elusive. Does entanglement result in thermodynamic advantages or does it impose fundamental limitations? Here, we unambiguously quantify the amount of heat and work in a…
In this article, we explore properties of pseudo entropy [1] in quantum field theories and spin systems from several approaches. Pseudo entropy is a generalization of entanglement entropy such that it depends on both an initial and final…
This Perspective critically assesses recent advances in ultrafast sintering and highlights open scientific questions and emerging technological opportunities. Mechanistic studies of flash sintering indicate that the flash event initiates as…
Patchy particles are a popular paradigm for the design and synthesis of nanoparticles and colloids for self-assembly. In "traditional" patchy particles, anisotropic interactions arising from patterned coatings, functionalized molecules,…
The realization of microscopic heat engines has gained a surge of research interest in statistical physics, soft matter, and biological physics. A typical microscopic heat engine employs a colloidal particle trapped in a confining…
Many theoretical expressions of dissipation along non-equilibrium processes have been proposed. However, they have not been fully verified by experiments. Especially for systems strongly interacting with environments the connection between…
We use holography in order to study the entropy of thermal CFTs on (1+1)-dimensional curved backgrounds that contain horizons. Starting from the metric of the BTZ black hole, we perform explicit coordinate transformations that set the…
When the difference between changes in energy and entropy at a given temperature is correlated with the ratio between the same changes in energy and entropy at zero average free energy of an ensemble of similar but distinct molecule-sized…
A microscopic understanding of the thermodynamic entropy in quantum systems has been a mystery ever since the invention of quantum mechanics. In classical physics, this entropy is believed to be the logarithm of the volume of phase space…
Bulk electrochemical phase transitions (EPTs) are the cornerstone of most modern electro-chemical technologies, underlying many energy storage and electrocatalytic systems. Nonetheless, the fundamental mechanisms governing EPTs in…
Entropy is a central concept in physics, but can be challenging to calculate even for systems that are easily simulated. This is exacerbated out of equilibrium, where generally little is known about the distribution characterizing simulated…
We propose a novel component to the understanding of the temperature structure of galaxy clusters which does not rely on any heating or cooling mechanism. The new ingredient is the use of non-extensive thermo-statistics which is based on…
Nanothermodynamics extends standard thermodynamics to facilitate finite-size effects on the scale of nanometers. A key ingredient is Hill's subdivision potential that accommodates the non-extensive energy of independent small systems,…
We investigate holographically the entanglement entropy of a nonconformal medium whose dual geometry is described by an Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory. Due to an additional conserved charge corresponding to the number operator, its…