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Controlling nonlinear systems, especially when data are being used to offset uncertainties in the model, is hard. A natural approach when dealing with the challenges of nonlinear control is to reduce the system to a linear one via change of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-25 C. De Persis , D. Gadginmath , F. Pasqualetti , P. Tesi

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) learns effective policies from pre-collected datasets, offering a practical solution for applications where online interactions are risky or costly. Model-based approaches are particularly advantageous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Xuyang Chen , Keyu Yan , Guojian Wang , Lin Zhao

This work revisits the dominant supervised fine-tuning (SFT) then reinforcement learning (RL) paradigm for training Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), and reveals a key finding: SFT can significantly undermine subsequent RL by inducing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Hardy Chen , Haoqin Tu , Fali Wang , Hui Liu , Xianfeng Tang , Xinya Du , Yuyin Zhou , Cihang Xie

Visual reasoning abilities play a crucial role in understanding complex multimodal data, advancing both domain-specific applications and artificial general intelligence (AGI). Existing methods enhance Vision-Language Models (VLMs) through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Huajie Tan , Yuheng Ji , Xiaoshuai Hao , Xiansheng Chen , Pengwei Wang , Zhongyuan Wang , Shanghang Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT demonstrate strong few-shot adaptability without requiring fine-tuning, positioning them ideal for data-limited and real-time applications. However, this adaptability has not yet been replicated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Zixuan Hu , Yongxian Wei , Li Shen , Chun Yuan , Dacheng Tao

Recently, reinforcement learning (RL)-based tuning has shifted the trajectory of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), particularly following the introduction of Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO). However, directly applying it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Wenhui Zhu , Xuanzhao Dong , Xin Li , Peijie Qiu , Xiwen Chen , Abolfazl Razi , Aris Sotiras , Yi Su , Yalin Wang

This thesis presents fuzzy-L1 adaptive controller and Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) with Prescribed Performance Function (PPF) as two adaptive approaches for high nonlinear systems as two original contribution to the literature.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-07-16 Hashim Abdellah Hashim Mohamed

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) plays a crucial role in adapting large language models (LLMs) to specific domains or tasks. However, as demonstrated by empirical experiments, the collected data inevitably contains noise in practical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Junyu Luo , Xiao Luo , Kaize Ding , Jingyang Yuan , Zhiping Xiao , Ming Zhang

The visual relationship recognition (VRR) task aims at understanding the pairwise visual relationships between interacting objects in an image. These relationships typically have a long-tail distribution due to their compositional nature.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Jun Chen , Aniket Agarwal , Sherif Abdelkarim , Deyao Zhu , Mohamed Elhoseiny

Understanding real-world videos with complex semantics and long temporal dependencies remains a fundamental challenge in computer vision. Recent progress in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has demonstrated strong capabilities in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Hongyu Li , Songhao Han , Yue Liao , Junfeng Luo , Jialin Gao , Shuicheng Yan , Si Liu

Multimodal instruction tuning has proven to be an effective strategy for achieving zero-shot generalization by fine-tuning pre-trained Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) with instruction-following data. However, as the scale of LMMs continues…

By pretraining on trillions of tokens, an LLM gains the capability of text generation. However, to enhance its utility and reduce potential harm, SFT and alignment are applied sequentially to the pretrained model. Because SFT and alignment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Zhichao Wang , Bin Bi , Zixu Zhu , Xiangbo Mao , Jun Wang , Shiyu Wang , Cheng Wang , Dong Nie , Lingzi Hong

We present an extension of Willems' Fundamental Lemma to the class of multi-input multi-output discrete-time feedback linearizable nonlinear systems, thus providing a data-based representation of their input-output trajectories. Two sources…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-17 Mohammad Alsalti , Victor G. Lopez , Julian Berberich , Frank Allgöwer , Matthias A. Müller

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated significant potential for generalist robotic policies; however, they struggle to generalize to long-horizon complex tasks in novel real-world domains due to distribution shifts and the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Zhian Su , Weijie Kong , Haonan Dong , Huixu Dong

We develop an optimization-based framework for joint real-time trajectory planning and feedback control of feedback-linearizable systems. To achieve this goal, we define a target trajectory as the optimal solution of a time-varying…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-17 Tianqi Zheng , John Simpson-Porco , Enrique Mallada

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) is a simple but powerful paradigm for training LLMs: sample a completion, verify it, and update. In practice, however, the verifier is almost never clean--unit tests probe only limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Ali Rad , Khashayar Filom , Darioush Keivan , Peyman Mohajerin Esfahani , Ehsan Kamalinejad

Reinforcement Fine-Tuning (RFT) is proved to be greatly valuable for enhancing the reasoning ability of LLMs. Researchers have been starting to apply RFT to MLLMs, hoping it will also enhance the capabilities of visual understanding.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Xiaxu Chen , Wei Li , Chunxu Liu , Chi Xie , Xiaoyan Hu , Chengqian Ma , Feng Zhu , Rui Zhao

As the scale of vision models continues to grow, the emergence of Visual Prompt Tuning (VPT) as a parameter-efficient transfer learning technique has gained attention due to its superior performance compared to traditional full-finetuning.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Cheng Han , Qifan Wang , Yiming Cui , Wenguan Wang , Lifu Huang , Siyuan Qi , Dongfang Liu

Reinforcement Fine-Tuning (RFT) with verifiable rewards has advanced large language models but remains underexplored for Vision-Language (VL) models. The Vision-Language Reward Model (VL-RM) is key to aligning VL models by providing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Jipeng Zhang , Kehao Miao , Renjie Pi , Zhaowei Wang , Runtao Liu , Rui Pan , Tong Zhang

Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown promise for decision-making tasks in real-world applications. One practical framework involves training parameterized policy models from an offline dataset and subsequently deploying them in an online…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Ziniu Li , Ke Xu , Liu Liu , Lanqing Li , Deheng Ye , Peilin Zhao
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