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Recent advances in unsupervised speech representation learning discover new approaches and provide new state-of-the-art for diverse types of speech processing tasks. This paper presents an investigation of using wav2vec 2.0 deep speech…

State-of-the-art transformer models for Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) rely on temporal feature aggregation, yet advanced pooling methods remain underexplored. We systematically benchmark pooling strategies, including Multi-Query…

Effective speech emotional representations play a key role in Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) and Emotional Text-To-Speech (TTS) tasks. However, emotional speech samples are more difficult and expensive to acquire compared with Neutral…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-12 Shijun Wang , Jón Guðnason , Damian Borth

Recent advances in machine learning have led to computer systems that are human-like in behaviour. Sentiment analysis, the automatic determination of emotions in text, is allowing us to capitalize on substantial previously unattainable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-15 Saif M. Mohammad

Foundation models have shown superior performance for speech emotion recognition (SER). However, given the limited data in emotion corpora, finetuning all parameters of large pre-trained models for SER can be both resource-intensive and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-02 Nineli Lashkarashvili , Wen Wu , Guangzhi Sun , Philip C. Woodland

In human-computer interaction (HCI), Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) is a key technology for understanding human intentions and emotions. Traditional SER methods struggle to effectively capture the long-term temporal correla-tions and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-18 Xincheng Wang , Liejun Wang , Yinfeng Yu , Xinxin Jiao

Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) traditionally relies on auditory data analysis for emotion classification. Several studies have adopted different methods for SER. However, existing SER methods often struggle to capture subtle emotional…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-23 HyeYoung Lee , Muhammad Nadeem

We propose EmoDistill, a novel speech emotion recognition (SER) framework that leverages cross-modal knowledge distillation during training to learn strong linguistic and prosodic representations of emotion from speech. During inference,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Debaditya Shome , Ali Etemad

Multimodal speech emotion recognition (SER) has emerged as pivotal for improving human-machine interaction. Researchers are increasingly leveraging both speech and textual information obtained through automatic speech recognition (ASR) to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Jiajun He , Xiaohan Shi , Cheng-Hung Hu , Jinyi Mi , Xingfeng Li , Tomoki Toda

Speech emotion recognition (SER) in naturalistic conditions presents a significant challenge for the speech processing community. Challenges include disagreement in labeling among annotators and imbalanced data distributions. This paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Thanathai Lertpetchpun , Tiantian Feng , Dani Byrd , Shrikanth Narayanan

Automatic emotion recognition plays a key role in computer-human interaction as it has the potential to enrich the next-generation artificial intelligence with emotional intelligence. It finds applications in customer and/or representative…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Sarala Padi , Seyed Omid Sadjadi , Dinesh Manocha , Ram D. Sriram

Adding linguistic information (syntax or semantics) to neural machine translation (NMT) has mostly focused on using point estimates from pre-trained models. Directly using the capacity of massive pre-trained contextual word embedding models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-08 Hassan S. Shavarani , Anoop Sarkar

In this paper, we propose a new methodology for emotional speech recognition using visual deep neural network models. We employ the transfer learning capabilities of the pre-trained computer vision deep models to have a mandate for the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Waleed Ragheb , Mehdi Mirzapour , Ali Delfardi , Hélène Jacquenet , Lawrence Carbon

One persistent challenge in Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) is the ubiquitous environmental noise, which frequently results in deteriorating SER performance in practice. In this paper, we introduce a Two-level Refinement Network, dubbed…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Chengxin Chen , Pengyuan Zhang

Previous work on emotion recognition demonstrated a synergistic effect of combining several modalities such as auditory, visual, and transcribed text to estimate the affective state of a speaker. Among these, the linguistic modality is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-01 Egor Lakomkin , Mohammad Ali Zamani , Cornelius Weber , Sven Magg , Stefan Wermter

Due to the complex nature of human emotions and the diversity of emotion representation methods in humans, emotion recognition is a challenging field. In this research, three input modalities, namely text, audio (speech), and video, are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Minoo Shayaninasab , Bagher Babaali

Language models based on the Transformer architecture achieve excellent results in many language-related tasks, such as text classification or sentiment analysis. However, despite the architecture of these models being well-defined, little…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Miguel López-Otal , Jorge Gracia , Jordi Bernad , Carlos Bobed , Lucía Pitarch-Ballesteros , Emma Anglés-Herrero

Enabled by multi-head self-attention, Transformer has exhibited remarkable results in speech emotion recognition (SER). Compared to the original full attention mechanism, window-based attention is more effective in learning fine-grained…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Weidong Chen , Xiaofen Xing , Xiangmin Xu , Jianxin Pang , Lan Du

Emotional well-being significantly influences mental health and overall quality of life. As therapy chatbots become increasingly prevalent, their ability to comprehend and respond empathetically to users' emotions remains limited. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Farideh Majidi , Marzieh Bahrami

Representation learning for speech emotion recognition is challenging due to labeled data sparsity issue and lack of gold standard references. In addition, there is much variability from input speech signals, human subjective perception of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-13 Haoqi Li , Ming Tu , Jing Huang , Shrikanth Narayanan , Panayiotis Georgiou