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Crafting adversarial examples for the transfer-based attack is challenging and remains a research hot spot. Currently, such attack methods are based on the hypothesis that the substitute model and the victim model learn similar decision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Qilong Zhang , Xiaosu Zhu , Jingkuan Song , Lianli Gao , Heng Tao Shen

Although deep-learning based video recognition models have achieved remarkable success, they are vulnerable to adversarial examples that are generated by adding human-imperceptible perturbations on clean video samples. As indicated in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Zhipeng Wei , Jingjing Chen , Zuxuan Wu , Yu-Gang Jiang

Machine learning drives Channel State Information (CSI)-based human sensing in modern wireless networks, enabling applications like device-free human activity recognition (HAR) and identification (HID). However, the susceptibility of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Shreevanth Krishnaa Gopalakrishnan , Stephen Hailes

Transfer-based attack adopts the adversarial examples generated on the surrogate model to attack various models, making it applicable in the physical world and attracting increasing interest. Recently, various adversarial attacks have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Zhijin Ge , Hongying Liu , Xiaosen Wang , Fanhua Shang , Yuanyuan Liu

Skeletal sequence data, as a widely employed representation of human actions, are crucial in Human Activity Recognition (HAR). Recently, adversarial attacks have been proposed in this area, which exposes potential security concerns, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Yunfeng Diao , Baiqi Wu , Ruixuan Zhang , Ajian Liu , Xiaoshuai Hao , Xingxing Wei , Meng Wang , He Wang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge, but its reliance on potentially poisonable knowledge bases introduces new availability risks. Attackers can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Junchen Li , Chao Qi , Rongzheng Wang , Qizhi Chen , Liang Xu , Di Liang , Bob Simons , Shuang Liang

Adversarial attacks, wherein slight inputs are carefully crafted to mislead intelligent models, have attracted increasing attention. However, a critical gap persists between theoretical advancements and practical application, particularly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Sabrine Ennaji , Elhadj Benkhelifa , Luigi V. Mancini

A targeted adversarial attack produces audio samples that can force an Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) system to output attacker-chosen text. To exploit ASR models in real-world, black-box settings, an adversary can leverage the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Raphael Olivier , Hadi Abdullah , Bhiksha Raj

This paper presents an experimental analysis about trade-offs in top-k classification accuracies on losses for deep leaning and proposal of a novel top-k loss. Commonly-used cross entropy (CE) is not guaranteed to optimize top-k prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-31 Azusa Sawada , Eiji Kaneko , Kazutoshi Sagi

Control policies, trained using the Deep Reinforcement Learning, have been recently shown to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks introducing even very small perturbations to the policy input. The attacks proposed so far have been designed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-02 Alessio Russo , Alexandre Proutiere

Transfer-based attacks craft adversarial examples on white-box surrogate models and directly deploy them against black-box target models, offering model-agnostic and query-free threat scenarios. While flatness-enhanced methods have recently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Chunlin Qiu , Ang Li , Yiheng Duan , Shenyi Zhang , Yuanjie Zhang , Lingchen Zhao , Qian Wang

Transferable adversarial images raise critical security concerns for computer vision systems in real-world, black-box attack scenarios. Although many transfer attacks have been proposed, existing research lacks a systematic and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Zhengyu Zhao , Hanwei Zhang , Renjue Li , Ronan Sicre , Laurent Amsaleg , Michael Backes , Qi Li , Qian Wang , Chao Shen

The evaluation of robustness against adversarial manipulation of neural networks-based classifiers is mainly tested with empirical attacks as methods for the exact computation, even when available, do not scale to large networks. We propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Francesco Croce , Matthias Hein

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence within the realm of cybersecurity raises significant security concerns. The vulnerability of deep learning models in adversarial attacks is one of the major issues. In adversarial machine…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Khushnaseeb Roshan , Aasim Zafar

In the last decade, the use of Machine Learning techniques in anomaly-based intrusion detection systems has seen much success. However, recent studies have shown that Machine learning in general and deep learning specifically are vulnerable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Islam Debicha , Thibault Debatty , Jean-Michel Dricot , Wim Mees , Tayeb Kenaza

Deep neural networks can be vulnerable to adversarially crafted examples, presenting significant risks to practical applications. A prevalent approach for adversarial attacks relies on the transferability of adversarial examples, which are…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Shanjun Xu , Linghui Li , Kaiguo Yuan , Bingyu Li

It has been shown that natural language processing (NLP) models are vulnerable to a kind of security threat called the Backdoor Attack, which utilizes a `backdoor trigger' paradigm to mislead the models. The most threatening backdoor attack…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Lingfeng Shen , Haiyun Jiang , Lemao Liu , Shuming Shi

Deep neural networks provide unprecedented performance in all image classification problems, taking advantage of huge amounts of data available for training. Recent studies, however, have shown their vulnerability to adversarial attacks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Diego Gragnaniello , Francesco Marra , Giovanni Poggi , Luisa Verdoliva

Adversarial attacks provide a good way to study the robustness of deep learning models. One category of methods in transfer-based black-box attack utilizes several image transformation operations to improve the transferability of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Zheng Yuan , Jie Zhang , Shiguang Shan

We study the problem of generating adversarial examples in a black-box setting, where we only have access to a zeroth order oracle, providing us with loss function evaluations. Although this setting has been investigated in previous work,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Anit Kumar Sahu , Satya Narayan Shukla , J. Zico Kolter