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This Resource Letter provides a guide to a selection of the literature on gravitational lensing and its applications. Journal articles, books, popular articles, and websites are cited for the following topics: foundations of gravitational…
Augmented reality display performance depends strongly on features of the human visual system. This is especially true for retinal scan glasses, which use laser beam scanning and transparent holographic optical combiners. Human-centered…
Phantom eye devices are designed to mimic the optical properties of the human eye; however, the retinal structures are typically emulated with synthetic tissues. Thus, it is currently impossible to exploit phantom eye devices for…
Telecommunications and computer vision have evolved separately so far. Yet, with the shift to sub-terahertz (sub-THz) and terahertz (THz) radio communications, there is an opportunity to explore computer vision technologies together with…
This paper provides a comprehensive review of mechanical equipment fault diagnosis methods, focusing on the advancements brought by Transformer-based models. It details the structure, working principles, and benefits of Transformers,…
All that structure from motion algorithms "see" are sets of 2D points. We show that these impoverished views of the world can be faked for the purpose of reconstructing objects in challenging settings, such as from a single image, or from a…
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss globally. Yet despite its prevalence, the majority of affected people lack access to the specialized ophthalmologists and equipment required for assessing their condition. This can…
This work introduces a novel approach to fMRI-based visual image reconstruction using a subject-agnostic common representation space. We show that the brain signals of the subjects can be aligned in this common space during training to form…
A potential Retinal Vein Occlusion (RVO) treatment involves Retinal Vein Cannulation (RVC), which requires the surgeon to insert a microneedle into the affected retinal vein and administer a clot-dissolving drug. This procedure presents…
We envision the "virtual eye" as a next-generation, AI-powered platform that uses interconnected foundation models to simulate the eye's intricate structure and biological function across all scales. Advances in AI, imaging, and multiomics…
Macular Holes, Central serous retinopathy and Diabetic Retinopathy are one of the most widespread maladies of the eyes responsible for either partial or complete vision loss, thus making it clear that early detection of the mentioned…
Recent advances in visual-language machine learning models have demonstrated exceptional ability to use natural language and understand visual scenes by training on large, unstructured datasets. However, this training paradigm cannot…
Biomedical implantable technologies are life-saving modalities for millions of people globally because of their abilities of wireless remote monitoring, regulating the abnormal functions of internal organs, and early detection of cognitive…
Retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) images provide crucial insights into the health of the posterior ocular segment. Therefore, the advancement of automated image analysis methods is imperative to equip clinicians and researchers…
Active visual perception refers to the ability of a system to dynamically engage with its environment through sensing and action, allowing it to modify its behavior in response to specific goals or uncertainties. Unlike passive systems that…
People with visual impairments perceive their environment non-visually and often use AI-powered assistive tools to obtain textual descriptions of visual information. Recent large vision-language model-based AI-powered tools like Be My AI…
The fovea is an important anatomical landmark of the retina. Detecting the location of the fovea is essential for the analysis of many retinal diseases. However, robust fovea localization remains a challenging problem, as the fovea region…
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the primary cause of vision loss among grownup people around the world. In four out of five cases having diabetes for a prolonged period leads to DR. If detected early, more than 90 percent of the new DR…
Background. Hearing aid technology has proven successful in the rehabilitation of hearing loss, but its performance is still limited in difficult everyday conditions characterized by noise and reverberation. Objectives. Introduction to the…
The field of visual and physiological optics is undergoing continuous significant advancements, driven by a deeper understanding of the human visual system and the development of cutting-edge optical technologies. This Roadmap, authored by…