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Electroencephalography (EEG) is a method of recording brain activity that shows significant promise in applications ranging from disease classification to emotion detection and brain-computer interfaces. Recent advances in deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Amarpal Sahota , Navid Mohammadi Foumani , Raul Santos-Rodriguez , Zahraa S. Abdallah

Biometric recognition is widely used, making the privacy and security of extracted templates a critical concern. Biometric Template Protection schemes, especially those utilizing Homomorphic Encryption, introduce significant computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Florian Bayer , Maximilian Russo , Christian Rathgeb

The wide deployment of biometric recognition systems in the last two decades has raised privacy concerns regarding the storage and use of biometric data. As a consequence, the ISO/IEC 24745 international standard on biometric information…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Marta Gomez-Barrero , Javier Galbally , Christian Rathgeb , Christoph Busch

Premise. Patterns of electrical brain activity recorded via electroencephalography (EEG) offer immense value for scientific and clinical investigations. The inability of supervised EEG encoders to learn robust EEG patterns and their…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-25 Gayal Kuruppu , Neeraj Wagh , Vaclav Kremen , Sandipan Pati , Gregory Worrell , Yogatheesan Varatharajah

In identity management system, frequently used biometric recognition system needs awareness towards issue of protecting biometric template as far as more reliable solution is apprehensive. In sight of this biometric template protection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-12-31 Shraddha S. Shinde , Prof. Anagha P. Khedkar

Automated analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) has recently undergone a paradigm shift. The introduction of transformer architectures and self-supervised pretraining (SSL) has led to the development of EEG foundation models. These…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-04 Hannah Portmann , Yosuke Morishima

To handle the scarcity and heterogeneity of electroencephalography (EEG) data for Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) tasks, and to harness the power of large publicly available data sets, we propose Neuro-GPT, a foundation model consisting of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Wenhui Cui , Woojae Jeong , Philipp Thölke , Takfarinas Medani , Karim Jerbi , Anand A. Joshi , Richard M. Leahy

An electroencephalogram (EEG)-based brain-computer interface (BCI) enables direct communication between the brain and external devices. However, such systems face at least three major challenges in real-world applications: limited decoding…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Xiaoqing Chen , Tianwang Jia , Yunlu Tu , Dongrui Wu

Our behavior (the way we talk, walk, act or think) is unique and can be used as a biometric trait. It also correlates with sensitive attributes like emotions and health conditions. Hence, techniques to protect individuals privacy against…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-06 Simon Hanisch , Patricia Arias-Cabarcos , Javier Parra-Arnau , Thorsten Strufe

As the Covid-19 pandemic grips the world, healthcare systems are being reshaped, where the e-health concepts become more likely to be accepted. Wearable devices often carry sensitive information from users which are exposed to security and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Kavya Dayananda , Nima Karimian

When compared to unimodal systems, multimodal biometric systems have several advantages, including lower error rate, higher accuracy, and larger population coverage. However, multimodal systems have an increased demand for integrity and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Veeru Talreja , Matthew Valenti , Nasser Nasrabadi

Security systems relying on passwords are vulnerable to being forgotten, guessed, or breached. Likewise, biometric systems that operate independently are at risk of template spoofing and replay incidents. This paper introduces a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Ankit Kumar Patel , Dewanshi Paul , Sarthak Giri , Sneha Chaudhary , Bikalpa Gautam

EEG-based biometric represents a relatively recent research field that aims to recognize individuals based on their recorded brain activity by means of electroencephalography (EEG). Among the numerous features that have been proposed,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-19 Luca Didaci , Sara Maria Pani , Claudio Frongia , Matteo Fraschini

Data privacy is crucial when dealing with biometric data. Accounting for the latest European data privacy regulation and payment service directive, biometric template protection is essential for any commercial application. Ensuring…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Andreas Nautsch , Sergey Isadskiy , Jascha Kolberg , Marta Gomez-Barrero , Christoph Busch

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are widely shared across multiple clinical applications for diagnosis, health monitoring, and biometric authentication. While valuable for healthcare, they also carry unique biometric identifiers that pose…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-19 Ziyu Wang , Elahe Khatibi , Kianoosh Kazemi , Iman Azimi , Sanaz Mousavi , Shaista Malik , Amir M. Rahmani

In this paper, we benchmark several cancelable biometrics (CB) schemes on different biometric characteristics. We consider BioHashing, Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) Hashing, Bloom Filters, and two schemes based on Index-of-Maximum (IoM)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Hatef Otroshi Shahreza , Pietro Melzi , Dailé Osorio-Roig , Christian Rathgeb , Christoph Busch , Sébastien Marcel , Ruben Tolosana , Ruben Vera-Rodriguez

Vein recognition technologies have become one of the primary solutions for high-security identification systems. However, the issue of biometric information leakage can still pose a serious threat to user privacy and anonymity. Currently,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Yifan Wang , Jie Gui , Xinli Shi , Linqing Gui , Yuan Yan Tang , James Tin-Yau Kwok

The electroencephalographic (EEG) signals provide highly informative data on brain activities and functions. However, their heterogeneity and high dimensionality may represent an obstacle for their interpretation. The introduction of a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Aurora Saibene , Francesca Gasparini

Artificially intelligent perception is increasingly present in the lives of every one of us. Vehicles are no exception, (...) In the near future, pattern recognition will have an even stronger role in vehicles, as self-driving cars will…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-23 João Ribeiro Pinto

Electroencephalography (EEG) plays a crucial role in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) and neurological diagnostics, but its real-world deployment faces challenges due to noise artifacts, missing data, and high annotation costs. We introduce…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-24 Meghna Roy Chowdhury , Yi Ding , Shreyas Sen