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Quantum state tomography (QST) is essential for validating quantum devices but suffers from exponential scaling in system size. Neural-network quantum states, such as Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs), can efficiently parameterize…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-30 Simon Tonner , Viet T. Tran , Richard Kueng

We discuss quantum state tomography via a stepwise reconstruction of the eigenstates of the mixed states produced in experiments. Our method is tailored to the experimentally relevant class of nearly pure states or simple mixed states,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-02 Abhijeet Melkani , Clemens Gneiting , Franco Nori

Quantum computation represents a promising frontier in the domain of high-performance computing, blending quantum information theory with practical applications to overcome the limitations of classical computation. This study investigates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-23 King Yiu Yu , Aritra Sarkar , Maximilian Rimbach-Russ , Ryoichi Ishihara , Sebastian Feld

We apply deep-neural-network-based techniques to quantum state classification and reconstruction. We demonstrate high classification accuracies and reconstruction fidelities, even in the presence of noise and with little data. Using optical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-04 Shahnawaz Ahmed , Carlos Sánchez Muñoz , Franco Nori , Anton Frisk Kockum

Geometric Machine Learning (GML) has shown that respecting non-Euclidean geometry in data spaces can significantly improve performance over naive Euclidean assumptions. In parallel, Quantum Machine Learning (QML) has emerged as a promising…

Quantum state tomography, the ability to deduce the density matrix of a quantum system from measured data, is of fundamental importance for the verification of present and future quantum devices. It has been realized in systems with few…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-02-22 M. Cramer , M. B. Plenio

Quantum state tomography (QST), the process of reconstructing some unknown quantum state $\hat\rho$ from repeated measurements on copies of said state, is a foundationally important task in the context of quantum computation and simulation.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-21 Nathan Keenan , John Goold , Alex Nico-Katz

Quantum probability provides a novel framework for formulating machine-learning (ML) problems in Hilbert space. We introduce a prototype-based learning scheme where class representatives are encoded as generative matrix product states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Kun Zhang , Lei Ding , Sheng-Chen Bai , Jing Sun , An-Qi Jing , Min Tang , Shi-Ju Ran

Quantum noise fundamentally limits the utility of near-term quantum devices, making error mitigation essential for practical quantum computation. While traditional quantum error correction codes require substantial qubit overhead and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Karan Kendre

Characterization of quantum objects, being them states, processes, or measurements, complemented by previous knowledge about them is a valuable approach, especially as it leads to routine procedures for real-life components. To this end,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-28 Massimiliano Guarneri , Ilaria Gianani , Marco Barbieri , Andrea Chiuri

Machine learning and quantum computing are two technologies that are causing a paradigm shift in the performance and behavior of certain algorithms, achieving previously unattainable results. Machine learning (kernel classification) has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-28 Siddharth Sharma

We introduce QSTToolkit, a Python library for performing quantum state tomography (QST) on optical quantum state measurement data. The toolkit integrates traditional Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) with deep learning-based techniques to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-19 George FitzGerald , Will Yeadon

Quantum State Tomography (QST) is essential for characterizing and validating quantum systems, but its practical use is severely limited by the exponential growth of the Hilbert space and the number of measurements required for…

Machine Learning (ML) is accelerating the progress of materials prediction and classification, with particular success in CGNN designs. While classical ML methods remain accessible, advanced deep networks are still challenging to build and…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-02-04 Gavin Nop , Micah Mundy , Durga Paudyal , Jonathan Smith

Data-driven techniques are increasingly used to replace electronic-structure calculations of matter. In this context, a relevant question is whether machine learning (ML) should be applied directly to predict the desired properties or be…

We study the performance of efficient quantum state tomography methods based on neural network quantum states using measured data from a two-photon experiment. Machine learning inspired variational methods provide a promising route towards…

We use a meta-learning neural-network approach to analyse data from a measured quantum state. Once our neural network has been trained it can be used to efficiently sample measurements of the state in measurement bases not contained in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-01 Alistair W. R. Smith , Johnnie Gray , M. S. Kim

Machine learning (ML) has become an attractive tool in information processing, however few ML algorithms have been successfully applied in the quantum domain. We show here how classical reinforcement learning (RL) could be used as a tool…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-02 Jelena Mackeprang , Durga Bhaktavatsala Rao Dasari , Jörg Wrachtrup

It has been recently shown that a state generated by a one-dimensional noisy quantum computer is well approximated by a matrix product operator with a finite bond dimension independent of the number of qubits. We show that full quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-14 Alexander Lidiak , Casey Jameson , Zhen Qin , Gongguo Tang , Michael B. Wakin , Zhihui Zhu , Zhexuan Gong

Accurate quantum state readout is crucial for error correction and algorithms, but measurement errors are detrimental. Readout fidelity is typically limited by a poor signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and energy relaxation ($T_1$ decay), a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-28 Samuel Jung , Neel Vora , Akel Hashim , Yilun Xu , Gang Huang