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Positive-unlabeled learning (PUL) aims at learning a binary classifier from only positive and unlabeled training data. Even though real-world applications often involve imbalanced datasets where the majority of examples belong to one class,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-12 Emilio Dorigatti , Jann Goschenhofer , Benjamin Schubert , Mina Rezaei , Bernd Bischl

Partial Label (PL) learning refers to the task of learning from the partially labeled data, where each training instance is ambiguously equipped with a set of candidate labels but only one is valid. Advances in the recent deep PL learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Ximing Li , Yuanzhi Jiang , Changchun Li , Yiyuan Wang , Jihong Ouyang

In a typical multi-label setting, a picture contains on average few positive labels, and many negative ones. This positive-negative imbalance dominates the optimization process, and can lead to under-emphasizing gradients from positive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-30 Emanuel Ben-Baruch , Tal Ridnik , Nadav Zamir , Asaf Noy , Itamar Friedman , Matan Protter , Lihi Zelnik-Manor

Neural networks trained on real-world datasets with long-tailed label distributions are biased towards frequent classes and perform poorly on infrequent classes. The imbalance in the ratio of positive and negative samples for each class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Kevin Duarte , Yogesh S. Rawat , Mubarak Shah

This paper presents a novel approach to Single-Positive Multi-label Learning. In general multi-label learning, a model learns to predict multiple labels or categories for a single input image. This is in contrast with standard multi-class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Xin Xing , Zhexiao Xiong , Abby Stylianou , Srikumar Sastry , Liyu Gong , Nathan Jacobs

As a promising solution of reducing annotation cost, training multi-label models with partial positive labels (MLR-PPL), in which merely few positive labels are known while other are missing, attracts increasing attention. Due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Tao Pu , Qianru Lao , Hefeng Wu , Tianshui Chen , Liang Lin

We consider a weakly supervised learning scenario where the supervision signal is generated by a transition function $\sigma$ of labels associated with multiple input instances. We formulate this problem as \emph{multi-instance Partial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Kaifu Wang , Efthymia Tsamoura , Dan Roth

Compared with multi-class classification, multi-label classification that contains more than one class is more suitable in real life scenarios. Obtaining fully labeled high-quality datasets for multi-label classification problems, however,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Xin Zhang , Rabab Abdelfattah , Yuqi Song , Xiaofeng Wang

Partial-label learning is a popular weakly supervised learning setting that allows each training example to be annotated with a set of candidate labels. Previous studies on partial-label learning only focused on the classification setting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Xin Cheng , Deng-Bao Wang , Lei Feng , Min-Ling Zhang , Bo An

Semi-supervised action recognition is a challenging but important task due to the high cost of data annotation. A common approach to this problem is to assign unlabeled data with pseudo-labels, which are then used as additional supervision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Yinghao Xu , Fangyun Wei , Xiao Sun , Ceyuan Yang , Yujun Shen , Bo Dai , Bolei Zhou , Stephen Lin

Training deep models with limited annotations poses a significant challenge when applied to diverse practical domains. Employing semi-supervised learning alongside the self-supervised model offers the potential to enhance label efficiency.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Ziting Wen , Oscar Pizarro , Stefan Williams

This paper looks at semi-supervised learning (SSL) for image-based text recognition. One of the most popular SSL approaches is pseudo-labeling (PL). PL approaches assign labels to unlabeled data before re-training the model with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-10 Gaurav Patel , Jan Allebach , Qiang Qiu

Semi-supervised multi-label learning (SSMLL) is a powerful framework for leveraging unlabeled data to reduce the expensive cost of collecting precise multi-label annotations. Unlike semi-supervised learning, one cannot select the most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Jia-Hao Xiao , Ming-Kun Xie , Heng-Bo Fan , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama , Sheng-Jun Huang

The recent research in semi-supervised learning (SSL) is mostly dominated by consistency regularization based methods which achieve strong performance. However, they heavily rely on domain-specific data augmentations, which are not easy to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Mamshad Nayeem Rizve , Kevin Duarte , Yogesh S Rawat , Mubarak Shah

Deep learning is pushing the state-of-the-art in many computer vision applications. However, it relies on large annotated data repositories, and capturing the unconstrained nature of the real-world data is yet to be solved. Semi-supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-29 Mamshad Nayeem Rizve , Navid Kardan , Mubarak Shah

Learning with reduced labeling standards, such as noisy label, partial label, and multiple label candidates, which we generically refer to as \textit{imprecise} labels, is a commonplace challenge in machine learning tasks. Previous methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Hao Chen , Ankit Shah , Jindong Wang , Ran Tao , Yidong Wang , Xing Xie , Masashi Sugiyama , Rita Singh , Bhiksha Raj

Semi-supervised multi-label learning (SSMLL) aims to address the challenge of limited labeled data in multi-label learning (MLL) by leveraging unlabeled data to improve the model's performance. While pseudo-labeling has become a dominant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Bo Han , Zhuoming Li , Xiaoyu Wang , Yaxin Hou , Hui Liu , Junhui Hou , Yuheng Jia

Partial multi-label learning and complementary multi-label learning are two popular weakly supervised multi-label classification paradigms that aim to alleviate the high annotation costs of collecting precisely annotated multi-label data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Wei Wang , Tianhao Ma , Ming-Kun Xie , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has achieved great success in leveraging a large amount of unlabeled data to learn a promising classifier. A popular approach is pseudo-labeling that generates pseudo labels only for those unlabeled data with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Qinyi Deng , Yong Guo , Zhibang Yang , Haolin Pan , Jian Chen

Multi-label learning deals with the classification problems where each instance can be assigned with multiple labels simultaneously. Conventional multi-label learning approaches mainly focus on exploiting label correlations. It is usually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-07-08 Xiangnan Kong , Zhaoming Wu , Li-Jia Li , Ruofei Zhang , Philip S. Yu , Hang Wu , Wei Fan