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We summarize interactions between vertex operator algebras and number theory through the lens of Zhu theory. The paper begins by recalling basic facts on vertex operator algebras (VOAs) and modular forms, and then explains Zhu's theorem on…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2022-11-01 Cameron Franc , Geoffrey Mason

We explore the theory of multiple zeta values (MZVs) and some of their $q$-generalisations. Multiple zeta values are numerical quantities that satisfy several combinatorial relations over the rationals. These relations include two…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-07-20 Abel Vleeshouwers

By studying the properties of $q$-series $\widehat Z$-invariants, we develop a dictionary between 3-manifolds and vertex algebras. In particular, we generalize previously known entries in this dictionary to Lie groups of higher rank, to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-11-07 Miranda C. N. Cheng , Sungbong Chun , Boris Feigin , Francesca Ferrari , Sergei Gukov , Sarah M. Harrison , Davide Passaro

We characterize vertex algebras (in a suitable sense) as algebras over a certain graded co-operad. We also discuss some examples and categorical implications of this characterization.

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2010-06-02 Ruthi Hortsch , Igor Kriz , Ales Pultr

We study multiple zeta values and their generalizations from the point of view of Rota--Baxter algebras. We obtain a general framework for this purpose and derive relations on multiple zeta values from relations in Rota--Baxter algebras.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-10-14 Kurusch Ebrahimi-Fard , Li Guo

We study a class of q-analogues of multiple zeta values given by certain formal q-series with rational coefficients. After introducing a notion of weight and depth for these q-analogues of multiple zeta values we present dimension…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-08-25 Henrik Bachmann , Ulf Kuehn

We find that multiple vertex algebras can arise from a single 4d $\mathcal{N}=2$ superconformal field theory (SCFT). The connection is given by the BPS monodromy operator $M$, which is a wall-crossing invariant quantity that captures the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-12-03 Heeyeon Kim , Jaewon Song

Representations of certain vertex algebras, here called of CohFT-type, can be used to construct vector bundles of coinvariants and conformal blocks on moduli spaces of stable curves [DGT2]. We show that such bundles define semisimple…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2022-02-24 Chiara Damiolini , Angela Gibney , Nicola Tarasca

The multiple zeta values (MZV) are a set of real numbers with a beautiful structure as an algebra over the rational numbers. They are related to maybe the most important conjecture on mathematics today, the Riemann hypothesis. In this paper…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-07-10 German Combariza

We present several conjectures on multiple q-zeta values and on the role they play in certain problems of enumerative geometry.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-04-16 Andrei Okounkov

Vertex algebras (and their modules) can be described as vector spaces together with a linear operator-valued series in one parameter $z$. With the interpretation of $z$ as a coordinate at a point on a curve, one can construct algebraic…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Colton Griffin

We study graded nonlocal $\underline{\mathsf{q}}$-vertex algebras and we prove that they can be generated by certain sets of vertex operators. As an application, we consider the family of graded nonlocal $\underline{\mathsf{q}}$-vertex…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2017-09-26 Slaven Kozic

The shuffle algebra on positive integers encodes the usual multiple zeta values (MZVs) (with positive arguments) thanks to the representations of MZVs by iterated Chen integrals of Kontsevich. Together with the quasi-shuffle (stuffle)…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-05 Li Guo , Wenchuan Hu , Hongyu Xiang , Bin Zhang

The MZV algebra is the graded algebra over ${\bold Q}$ generated by all multiple zeta values. The stable derivation algebra is a graded Lie algebra version of the Grothendieck-Teichm\"{u}ller group. We shall show that there is a canonical…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Hidekazu Furusho

We introduce a notion of quasi-lisse vertex algebras, which generalizes admissible affine vertex algebras. We show that the normalized character of an ordinary module over a quasi-lisse vertex operator algebra has a modular invariance…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2017-07-24 Tomoyuki Arakawa , Kazuya Kawasetsu

The notion of {\it free} generalized vertex algebras is introduced. It is equivalent to the notion of {\it generalized principal subspaces} associated with lattices which are not necessarily integral. Combinatorial bases and the characters…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2015-02-19 Kazuya Kawasetsu

We announce a new type of "Jacobi identity" for vertex operator algebras, incorporating values of the Riemann zeta function at negative integers. Using this we "explain" and generalize some recent work of S. Bloch's relating values of the…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 James Lepowsky

Associated varieties of vertex algebras are analogue of the associated varieties of primitive ideals of the universal enveloping algebras of semisimple Lie algebras. They not only capture some of the important properties of vertex algebras…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2021-03-30 Tomoyuki Arakawa

We classify vertex operator algebras (VOAs) of OZ-type generated by Ising vectors of $\sigma$-type. As a consequence of the classification, we also prove that such VOAs are simple, rational, $C_2$-cofinite and unitary, that is, they have…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2025-02-18 Cuipo Jiang , Ching Hung Lam , Hiroshi Yamauchi

The purpose of this paper is to make the theory of vertex algebras trivial. We do this by setting up some categorical machinery so that vertex algebras are just ``singular commutative rings'' in a certain category. This makes it easy to…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Richard E. Borcherds
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