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This paper presents our latest investigation on end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) for overlapped speech. We propose to train an end-to-end system conditioned on speaker embeddings and further improved by transfer learning from…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-14 Pavel Denisov , Ngoc Thang Vu

Code-switching (CS) occurs when a speaker alternates words of two or more languages within a single sentence or across sentences. Automatic speech recognition (ASR) of CS speech has to deal with two or more languages at the same time. In…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-19 Xinyuan Zhou , Emre Yılmaz , Yanhua Long , Yijie Li , Haizhou Li

Conformer-based end-to-end models have become ubiquitous these days and are commonly used in both streaming and non-streaming automatic speech recognition (ASR). Techniques like dual-mode and dynamic chunk training helped unify streaming…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-05 Goeric Huybrechts , Srikanth Ronanki , Xilai Li , Hadis Nosrati , Sravan Bodapati , Katrin Kirchhoff

Self-supervised learning, such as with the wav2vec 2.0 framework significantly improves the accuracy of end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR). Wav2vec 2.0 has been applied to single-channel end-to-end ASR models. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Atsushi Kojima

Effectively processing long contexts is a critical challenge for language models. While standard Transformers are limited by quadratic complexity and poor length extrapolation, alternative architectures like sliding window attention and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Jiaqi Leng , Xiang Hu , Junxiong Wang , Jianguo Li , Wei Wu , Yucheng Lu

We present a novel large-context end-to-end automatic speech recognition (E2E-ASR) model and its effective training method based on knowledge distillation. Common E2E-ASR models have mainly focused on utterance-level processing in which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Ryo Masumura , Naoki Makishima , Mana Ihori , Akihiko Takashima , Tomohiro Tanaka , Shota Orihashi

Recently, there has been an increasing interest in two-pass streaming end-to-end speech recognition (ASR) that incorporates a 2nd-pass rescoring model on top of the conventional 1st-pass streaming ASR model to improve recognition accuracy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Suyoun Kim , Ke Li , Lucas Kabela , Rongqing Huang , Jiedan Zhu , Ozlem Kalinli , Duc Le

The recently proposed Conformer model has become the de facto backbone model for various downstream speech tasks based on its hybrid attention-convolution architecture that captures both local and global features. However, through a series…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-18 Sehoon Kim , Amir Gholami , Albert Shaw , Nicholas Lee , Karttikeya Mangalam , Jitendra Malik , Michael W. Mahoney , Kurt Keutzer

This paper proposes a unified framework, All-in-One ASR, that allows a single model to support multiple automatic speech recognition (ASR) paradigms, including connectionist temporal classification (CTC), attention-based encoder-decoder…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-15 Takafumi Moriya , Masato Mimura , Tomohiro Tanaka , Hiroshi Sato , Ryo Masumura , Atsunori Ogawa

Although Transformers have gained success in several speech processing tasks like spoken language understanding (SLU) and speech translation (ST), achieving online processing while keeping competitive performance is still essential for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Keqi Deng , Shinji Watanabe , Jiatong Shi , Siddhant Arora

Transducer and Attention based Encoder-Decoder (AED) are two widely used frameworks for speech-to-text tasks. They are designed for different purposes and each has its own benefits and drawbacks for speech-to-text tasks. In order to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-08 Yun Tang , Anna Y. Sun , Hirofumi Inaguma , Xinyue Chen , Ning Dong , Xutai Ma , Paden D. Tomasello , Juan Pino

We present a modular approach to building cascade speech translation (AST) models that guarantees that the resulting model performs no worse than the 1-best cascade baseline while preserving state-of-the-art speech recognition (ASR) and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Ciprian Chelba , Johan Schalkwyk

Decoder-only language models (LMs) have been successfully adopted for speech-processing tasks including automatic speech recognition (ASR). The LMs have ample expressiveness and perform efficiently. This efficiency is a suitable…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-02 Emiru Tsunoo , Hayato Futami , Yosuke Kashiwagi , Siddhant Arora , Shinji Watanabe

End-to-end models have achieved impressive results on the task of automatic speech recognition (ASR). For low-resource ASR tasks, however, labeled data can hardly satisfy the demand of end-to-end models. Self-supervised acoustic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Cheng Yi , Shiyu Zhou , Bo Xu

In recent years, Transformer networks have shown remarkable performance in speech recognition tasks. However, their deployment poses challenges due to high computational and storage resource requirements. To address this issue, a…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Jianzong Wang , Ziqi Liang , Xulong Zhang , Ning Cheng , Jing Xiao

While end-to-end ASR systems have proven competitive with the conventional hybrid approach, they are prone to accuracy degradation when it comes to noisy and low-resource conditions. In this paper, we argue that, even in such difficult…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-02 Andrei Andrusenko , Aleksandr Laptev , Ivan Medennikov

With increasingly more powerful compute capabilities and resources in today's devices, traditionally compute-intensive automatic speech recognition (ASR) has been moving from the cloud to devices to better protect user privacy. However, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Mingbin Xu , Alex Jin , Sicheng Wang , Mu Su , Tim Ng , Henry Mason , Shiyi Han , Zhihong Lei , Yaqiao Deng , Zhen Huang , Mahesh Krishnamoorthy

End-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems based on transformer architectures, such as Whisper, offer high transcription accuracy and robustness. However, their autoregressive decoding is computationally expensive, hence limiting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Tuan Vu Ho , Hiroaki Kokubo , Masaaki Yamamoto , Yohei Kawaguchi

Speech recognition on smart devices is challenging owing to the small memory footprint. Hence small size ASR models are desirable. With the use of popular transducer-based models, it has become possible to practically deploy streaming…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-11 Nauman Dawalatabad , Tushar Vatsal , Ashutosh Gupta , Sungsoo Kim , Shatrughan Singh , Dhananjaya Gowda , Chanwoo Kim

Coping with the impact of dynamic channels is a critical issue in joint source-channel coding (JSCC)-based semantic communication systems. In this paper, we propose a lightweight channel-adaptive semantic coding architecture called…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Hongwei Zhang , Meixia Tao