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Transformer models learn to encode and decode an input text, and produce contextual token embeddings as a side-effect. The mapping from language into the embedding space maps words expressing similar concepts onto points that are close in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Vivi Nastase , Paola Merlo

Calculating the semantic similarity between sentences is a long dealt problem in the area of natural language processing. The semantic analysis field has a crucial role to play in the research related to the text analytics. The semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-22 Atish Pawar , Vijay Mago

Learning semantically meaningful sentence embeddings is an open problem in natural language processing. In this work, we propose a sentence embedding learning approach that exploits both visual and textual information via a multimodal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Miaoran Zhang , Marius Mosbach , David Ifeoluwa Adelani , Michael A. Hedderich , Dietrich Klakow

The importance of an efficient and scalable document similarity detection system is undeniable nowadays. Search engines need batch text similarity measures to detect duplicated and near-duplicated web pages in their indexes in order to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-10-09 Hamid Mohammadi , Amin Nikoukaran

The inclusion of semantic information in any similarity measures improves the efficiency of the similarity measure and provides human interpretable results for further analysis. The similarity calculation method that focuses on features…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-11-01 Pinky Sitikhu , Kritish Pahi , Pujan Thapa , Subarna Shakya

While contextualized word embeddings have been a de-facto standard, learning contextualized phrase embeddings is less explored and being hindered by the lack of a human-annotated benchmark that tests machine understanding of phrase…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Thang M. Pham , Seunghyun Yoon , Trung Bui , Anh Nguyen

Assessing the degree of semantic relatedness between words is an important task with a variety of semantic applications, such as ontology learning for the Semantic Web, semantic search or query expansion. To accomplish this in an automated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-05-25 Thomas Niebler , Martin Becker , Christian Pölitz , Andreas Hotho

This paper investigates contextual word representation models from the lens of similarity analysis. Given a collection of trained models, we measure the similarity of their internal representations and attention. Critically, these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-05 John M. Wu , Yonatan Belinkov , Hassan Sajjad , Nadir Durrani , Fahim Dalvi , James Glass

The paper presents our work on cross-lingual ontology alignment system which uses embedding based cosine similarity matching. The ontology entities are made contextually richer by creating descriptions using novel techniques. We use a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Abhishek Kumar

Semantic textual similarity is one of the open research challenges in the field of Natural Language Processing. Extensive research has been carried out in this field and near-perfect results are achieved by recent transformer-based models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Dhivya Chandrasekaran , Vijay Mago

In this paper, we introduce a new WordNet based similarity metric, SenSim, which incorporates sentiment content (i.e., degree of positive or negative sentiment) of the words being compared to measure the similarity between them. The…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2012-09-19 A. R. Balamurali , Subhabrata Mukherjee , Akshat Malu , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

We address in this paper the co-clustering and co-classification of bilingual data laying in two linguistic similarity spaces when a comparability measure defining a mapping between these two spaces is available. A new approach that we can…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2015-02-27 Pierre-François Marteau , Guiyao Ke

State-of-the-art pretrained contextualized models (PCM) eg. BERT use tasks such as WiC and WSD to evaluate their word-in-context representations. This inherently assumes that performance in these tasks reflect how well a model represents…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Qianchu Liu , Diana McCarthy , Anna Korhonen

Linguistic entrainment is a phenomenon where people tend to mimic each other in conversation. The core instrument to quantify entrainment is a linguistic similarity measure between conversational partners. Most of the current similarity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Mingzhi Yu , Diane Litman , Shuang Ma , Jian Wu

Detecting semantic similarities between sentences is still a challenge today due to the ambiguity of natural languages. In this work, we propose a simple approach to identifying semantically similar questions by combining the strengths of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Yoan Dimitrov

In Distributional Semantic Models (DSMs), Vector Cosine is widely used to estimate similarity between word vectors, although this measure was noticed to suffer from several shortcomings. The recent literature has proposed other methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-06 Enrico Santus , Emmanuele Chersoni , Alessandro Lenci , Chu-Ren Huang , Philippe Blache

We investigate the task of assessing sentence-level prompt relevance in learner essays. Various systems using word overlap, neural embeddings and neural compositional models are evaluated on two datasets of learner writing. We propose a new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-18 Marek Rei , Ronan Cummins

This paper presents a new approach for measuring semantic similarity/distance between words and concepts. It combines a lexical taxonomy structure with corpus statistical information so that the semantic distance between nodes in the…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Jay J. Jiang , David W. Conrath

Word representations are created using analogy context-based statistics and lexical relations on words. Word representations are inputs for the learning models in Natural Language Understanding (NLU) tasks. However, to understand language,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Anupiya Nugaliyadde , Kok Wai Wong , Ferdous Sohel , Hong Xie

While cross-lingual word embeddings have been studied extensively in recent years, the qualitative differences between the different algorithms remain vague. We observe that whether or not an algorithm uses a particular feature set…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-01-11 Omer Levy , Anders Søgaard , Yoav Goldberg