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This paper analyses the short utterance probabilistic linear discriminant analysis (PLDA) speaker verification with utterance partitioning and short utterance variance (SUV) modelling approaches. Experimental studies have found that instead…

Sound · Computer Science 2016-10-18 Ahilan Kanagasundaram , David Dean , Sridha Sridharan , Clinton Fookes

We investigate deep neural network performance in the textindependent speaker recognition task. We demonstrate that using angular softmax activation at the last classification layer of a classification neural network instead of a simple…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-04-27 Sergey Novoselov , Andrey Shulipa , Ivan Kremnev , Alexandr Kozlov , Vadim Shchemelinin

Embeddings in machine learning are low-dimensional representations of complex input patterns, with the property that simple geometric operations like Euclidean distances and dot products can be used for classification and comparison tasks.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-28 Niko Brummer , Anna Silnova , Lukas Burget , Themos Stafylakis

Speaker identification typically involves three stages. First, a front-end speaker embedding model is trained to embed utterance and speaker profiles. Second, a scoring function is applied between a runtime utterance and each speaker…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-22 Zhenning Tan , Yuguang Yang , Eunjung Han , Andreas Stolcke

More and more neural network approaches have achieved considerable improvement upon submodules of speaker diarization system, including speaker change detection and segment-wise speaker embedding extraction. Still, in the clustering stage,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-12-02 Qingjian Lin , Ruiqing Yin , Ming Li , Hervé Bredin , Claude Barras

Many modern systems for speaker diarization, such as the recently-developed VBx approach, rely on clustering of DNN speaker embeddings followed by resegmentation. Two problems with this approach are that the DNN is not directly optimized…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-16 Kiran Karra , Alan McCree

State-of-the-art speaker recognition systems comprise an x-vector (or i-vector) speaker embedding front-end followed by a probabilistic linear discriminant analysis (PLDA) backend. The effectiveness of these components relies on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Kong Aik Lee , Qiongqiong Wang , Takafumi Koshinaka

Self-supervised contrastive learning has predominantly adopted deterministic methods, which are not suited for environments characterized by uncertainty and noise. This paper introduces a new perspective on incorporating uncertainty into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Hongwei Bran Li , Cheng Ouyang , Tamaz Amiranashvili , Matthew S. Rosen , Bjoern Menze , Juan Eugenio Iglesias

Personalized speech enhancement (PSE) models can improve the audio quality of teleconferencing systems by adapting to the characteristics of a speaker's voice. However, most existing methods require a separate speaker embedding model to…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Tanel Pärnamaa , Ando Saabas

State-of-the-art i-vector based speaker verification relies on variants of Probabilistic Linear Discriminant Analysis (PLDA) for discriminant analysis. We are mainly motivated by the recent work of the joint Bayesian (JB) method, which is…

Sound · Computer Science 2017-01-20 Yiyan Wang , Haotian Xu , Zhijian Ou

In this article, we first establish the theory of optimal scores for speaker recognition. Our analysis shows that the minimum Bayes risk (MBR) decisions for both the speaker identification and speaker verification tasks can be based on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-02 Dong Wang

We present Deep Speaker, a neural speaker embedding system that maps utterances to a hypersphere where speaker similarity is measured by cosine similarity. The embeddings generated by Deep Speaker can be used for many tasks, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-05-08 Chao Li , Xiaokong Ma , Bing Jiang , Xiangang Li , Xuewei Zhang , Xiao Liu , Ying Cao , Ajay Kannan , Zhenyao Zhu

Modeling the rich prosodic variations inherent in human speech is essential for generating natural-sounding speech. While speaker embeddings are commonly used as conditioning inputs in personalized speech generation, they are typically…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-22 Ismail Rasim Ulgen , John H. L. Hansen , Carlos Busso , Berrak Sisman

Most state-of-the-art Deep Learning (DL) approaches for speaker recognition work on a short utterance level. Given the speech signal, these algorithms extract a sequence of speaker embeddings from short segments and those are averaged to…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Miquel India , Pooyan Safari , Javier Hernando

We propose a spatio-spectral, combined model-based and data-driven diarization pipeline consisting of TDOA-based segmentation followed by embedding-based clustering. The proposed system requires neither access to multi-channel training data…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-01 Tobias Cord-Landwehr , Tobias Gburrek , Marc Deegen , Reinhold Haeb-Umbach

Modern speaker verification systems primarily rely on speaker embeddings, followed by verification based on cosine similarity between the embedding vectors of the enrollment and test utterances. While effective, these methods struggle with…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Wan Lin , Junhui Chen , Tianhao Wang , Zhenyu Zhou , Lantian Li , Dong Wang

In diarization, the PLDA is typically used to model an inference structure which assumes the variation in speech segments be induced by various speakers. The speaker variation is then learned from the training data. However, human…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-01 Jiamin Xie , Suzanna Sia , Paola Garcia , Daniel Povey , Sanjeev Khudanpur

Multi-source localization is an important and challenging technique for multi-talker conversation analysis. This paper proposes a novel supervised learning method using deep neural networks to estimate the direction of arrival (DOA) of all…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-30 Aswin Shanmugam Subramanian , Chao Weng , Shinji Watanabe , Meng Yu , Dong Yu

Separating different speaker properties from a multi-speaker environment is challenging. Instead of separating a two-speaker signal in signal space like speech source separation, a speaker embedding de-mixing approach is proposed. The…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Yanpei Shi , Thomas Hain

Overlapping speech diarization is always treated as a multi-label classification problem. In this paper, we reformulate this task as a single-label prediction problem by encoding the multi-speaker labels with power set. Specifically, we…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Zhihao Du , Shiliang Zhang , Siqi Zheng , Weilong Huang , Ming Lei