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In recent years blockchain technology has received tremendous attention. Blockchain users are known by a changeable Public Key (PK) that introduces a level of anonymity, however, studies have shown that anonymized transactions can be linked…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Ali Dorri , Clemence Roulin , Shantanu Pal , Sarah Baalbaki , Raja Jurdak , Salil Kanhere

As the most popular blockchain that supports smart contracts, there are already more than 296 thousand kinds of cryptocurrencies built on Ethereum. However, not all cryptocurrencies can be controlled by users. For example, some money is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Xiaoqi Li , Ting Chen , Xiapu Luo , Chenxu Wang

Recent years have witnessed a rapid development of platform economy, as it effectively addresses the trust dilemma between untrusted online buyers and merchants. However, malicious platforms can misuse users' funds and information, causing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Junru Lin , Mingzhe Liu , Songze Li , Xuechao Wang

We performed the first systematic study of a new attack on Ethereum that steals cryptocurrencies. The attack is due to the unprotected JSON-RPC endpoints existed in Ethereum nodes that could be exploited by attackers to transfer the Ether…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Zhen Cheng , Xinrui Hou , Runhuai Li , Yajin Zhou , Xiapu Luo , Jinku Li , Kui Ren

Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) serve as a representative form of digital asset ownership and have attracted numerous investors, creators, and tech enthusiasts in recent years. However, related fraud activities, especially phishing scams, have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Wenkai Li , Zongwei Li , Xiaoqi Li , Chunyi Zhang , Xiaoyan Zhang , Yuqing Zhang

The production of counterfeit money has a long history. It refers to the creation of imitation currency that is produced without the legal sanction of government. With the growth of the cryptocurrency ecosystem, there is expanding evidence…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-06 Bingyu Gao , Haoyu Wang , Pengcheng Xia , Siwei Wu , Yajin Zhou , Xiapu Luo , Graeth Tyson

Cryptographic algorithms have been used not only to create robust ciphertexts but also to generate cryptograms that, contrary to the classic goal of cryptography, are meant to be broken. These cryptograms, generally called puzzles, require…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Isra Mohamed Ali , Maurantonio Caprolu , Roberto Di Pietro

Blockchain technology promises to democratize finance and promote social equity through decentralization, but questions remain about whether current implementations advance or hinder these goals. Through a mixed-methods study combining…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Faisal Haque Bappy , EunJeong Cheon , Tariqul Islam

We propose a new free eCommerce platform with blockchains that allows customers to connect to the seller directly, share personal data without losing control and ownership of it and apply it to the domain of shopping cart. Our new platform…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Ajay Kumar Shrestha , Sandhya Joshi , Julita Vassileva

The world of cryptocurrency is not transparent enough though it was established for innate transparent tracking of capital flows. The most contributing factor is the violation of securities laws and scam in Initial Coin Offering (ICO) which…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2018-09-11 Sheikh Rabiul Islam

In recent years, Ethereum gained tremendously in popularity, growing from a daily transaction average of 10K in January 2016 to an average of 500K in January 2020. Similarly, smart contracts began to carry more value, making them appealing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-18 Christof Ferreira Torres , Antonio Ken Iannillo , Arthur Gervais , Radu State

The Bitcoin white paper introduced blockchain technology, enabling trustful transactions without intermediaries. Smart contracts emerged with Ethereum and blockchains expanded beyond cryptocurrency, applying to auctions, crowdfunding and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Aldenio Burgos , Eduardo Alchieri

This article surveys blockchain-based approaches for several security services. These services include authentication, confidentiality, privacy, and access control list (ACL), data and resource provenance, and integrity assurance. All these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Tara Salman , Maede Zolanvari , Aiman Erbad , Raj Jain , Mohammed Samaka

In shaping the Internet of Money, the application of blockchain and distributed ledger technologies (DLTs) to the financial sector triggered regulatory concerns. Notably, while the user anonymity enabled in this field may safeguard privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Nadia Pocher , Mirko Zichichi , Fabio Merizzi , Muhammad Zohaib Shafiq , Stefano Ferretti

Cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin and Ethereum have made payment transactions possible without a trusted third party, but they have a scalability issue due to their consensus mechanisms. Payment networks have emerged to overcome this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Junmo Lee , Seongjun Kim , Sanghyeon Park , Soo-Mook Moon

We propose a scheme to preserve the anonymity of users in proof-of-asset transactions. We assume bitcoin-like cryptocurrency systems in which a user must prove the strength of its assets (i.e., solvency), prior conducting further…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Neetu Sharma , Rajeev Anand Sahu , Vishal Saraswat , Joaquin Garcia-Alfaro

Bitcoin and Ethereum are novel mechanisms for decentralizing the concept of money and computation. Extending decentralization to the human identity concept, we can think of using blockchain for creating a list of verified human identities…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-06-21 MohammadJavad Hajialikhani , MohammadMahdi Jahanara

Bitcoin is a digital currency designed to rely on a decentralized, trustless network of anonymous agents. Using a pseudonymous-address-linking procedure that achieves >99% sensitivity and >99% specificity, we reveal that between launch…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Alyssa Blackburn , Christoph Huber , Yossi Eliaz , Muhammad S. Shamim , David Weisz , Goutham Seshadri , Kevin Kim , Shengqi Hang , Erez Lieberman Aiden

The application of Bitcoin enables people to understand blockchain technology gradually. Bitcoin is a decentralized currency that does not rely on third-party credit institutions, and the core of Bitcoin's underlying technology is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Yuhuan Yang , Shipeng Ye , Xiaoqi Li

Blockchain also known as a distributed ledger technology stores different transactions/operations in a chain of blocks in a distributed manner without needing a trusted third-party. Blockchain is proven to be immutable which helps for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Danda B. Rawat , Vijay Chaudhary , Ronald Doku