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Traditional approaches to ranking in web search follow the paradigm of rank-by-score: a learned function gives each query-URL combination an absolute score and URLs are ranked according to this score. This paradigm ensures that if the score…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Or Sheffet , Nina Mishra , Samuel Ieong

Unbiased Learning to Rank (ULTR) that learns to rank documents with biased user feedback data is a well-known challenge in information retrieval. Existing methods in unbiased learning to rank typically rely on click modeling or inverse…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Dan Luo , Lixin Zou , Qingyao Ai , Zhiyu Chen , Dawei Yin , Brian D. Davison

In designing personalized ranking algorithms, it is desirable to encourage a high precision at the top of the ranked list. Existing methods either seek a smooth convex surrogate for a non-smooth ranking metric or directly modify updating…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-15 Kuan Liu , Prem Natarajan

Modern search systems use a multi-stage architecture to deliver personalized results efficiently. Key stages include retrieval, pre-ranking, full ranking, and blending, which refine billions of items to top selections. The pre-ranking…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Sujay Khandagale , Bhawna Juneja , Prabhat Agarwal , Aditya Subramanian , Jaewon Yang , Yuting Wang

This paper presents a novel approach for using clickthrough data to learn ranked retrieval functions for web search results. We observe that users searching the web often perform a sequence, or chain, of queries with a similar information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Filip Radlinski , Thorsten Joachims

Ranking systems form the basis for online search engines and recommendation services. They process large collections of items, for instance web pages or e-commerce products, and present the user with a small ordered selection. The goal of a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Harrie Oosterhuis

Rankings are central to decision-making in fields ranging from education to online platforms, yet classical deterministic methods such as the Borda count method or Copeland-type pairwise methods ignore uncertainty due to sampling noise or…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-20 Shunpu Zhang

Modern navigation services often provide multiple paths connecting the same source and destination for users to select. Hence, ranking such paths becomes increasingly important, which directly affects the service quality. We present…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-10 Sean Bin Yang , Bin Yang

In web search and recommendation systems, user clicks are widely used to train ranking models. However, click data is heavily biased, i.e., users tend to click higher-ranked items (position bias), choose only what was shown to them…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Haoming Gong , Qingyao Ai , Zhihao Tao , Yongfeng Zhang

Existing neural relevance models do not give enough consideration for query and item context information which diversifies the search results to adapt for personal preference. To bridge this gap, this paper presents a neural learning…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Deguang Kong , Daniel Zhou , Zhiheng Huang , Steph Sigalas

Conventional Learning-to-Rank (LTR) methods optimize the utility of the rankings to the users, but they are oblivious to their impact on the ranked items. However, there has been a growing understanding that the latter is important to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-28 Ashudeep Singh , Thorsten Joachims

Click-through data has proven to be a valuable resource for improving search-ranking quality. Search engines can easily collect click data, but biases introduced in the data can make it difficult to use the data effectively. In order to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Yingcheng Sun , Richard Kolacinski , Kenneth Loparo

Search services have been developed rapidly in social Internet. It can help web users easily to find their documents. So that, finding a best method search is always an imagine. This paper would like introduce hybrid method of LPageRank…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2009-12-10 Vu Thanh Nguyen

Search engine plays a crucial role in satisfying users' diverse information needs. Recently, Pretrained Language Models (PLMs) based text ranking models have achieved huge success in web search. However, many state-of-the-art text ranking…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Canjia Li , Xiaoyang Wang , Dongdong Li , Yiding Liu , Yu Lu , Shuaiqiang Wang , Zhicong Cheng , Simiu Gu , Dawei Yin

Understanding and modeling buyer intent is a foundational challenge in optimizing search query reformulation within the dynamic landscape of e-commerce search systems. This work introduces a robust data pipeline designed to mine and analyze…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Jayanth Yetukuri , Ishita Khan

Discovering relevant patterns for a particular user remains a challenging tasks in data mining. Several approaches have been proposed to learn user-specific pattern ranking functions. These approaches generalize well, but at the expense of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Nassim Belmecheri , Noureddine Aribi , Nadjib Lazaar , Yahia Lebbah , Samir Loudni

In recent years, there has been an increasing recognition that when machine learning (ML) algorithms are used to automate decisions, they may mistreat individuals or groups, with legal, ethical, or economic implications. Recommender systems…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Hossein A. Rahmani , Mohammadmehdi Naghiaei , Yashar Deldjoo

Personalized PageRank is an algorithm to classify the improtance of web pages on a user-dependent basis. We introduce two generalizations of Personalized PageRank with node-dependent restart. The first generalization is based on the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2014-08-05 Konstantin Avrachenkov , Remco W. Van Der Hofstad , Marina Sokol

Ranking is at the core of Information Retrieval. Classic ranking optimization studies often treat ranking as a sorting problem with the assumption that the best performance of ranking would be achieved if we rank items according to their…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Qingyao Ai , Xuanhui Wang , Michael Bendersky

Distributions over rankings are used to model data in various settings such as preference analysis and political elections. The factorial size of the space of rankings, however, typically forces one to make structural assumptions, such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-02-20 Jonathan Huang , Ashish Kapoor , Carlos E. Guestrin