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Grouping has been commonly used in deep metric learning for computing diverse features. However, current methods are prone to overfitting and lack interpretability. In this work, we propose an improved and interpretable grouping method to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-26 Xinyi Xu , Zhengyang Wang , Cheng Deng , Hao Yuan , Shuiwang Ji

Attention is an operation that selects some largest element from some set, where the notion of largest is defined elsewhere. Applying this operation to sequence to sequence mapping results in significant improvements to the task at hand. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-27 Vasileios Lioutas , Andriy Drozdyuk

Deep Learning shows very good performance when trained on large labeled data sets. The problem of training a deep net on a few or one sample per class requires a different learning approach which can generalize to unseen classes using only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-23 Jinchao Liu , Stuart J. Gibson , Margarita Osadchy

Advancements in deep learning are driven by training models with increasingly larger numbers of parameters, which in turn heightens the computational demands. To address this issue, Mixture-of-Depths (MoD) models have been proposed to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Advait Gadhikar , Souptik Kumar Majumdar , Niclas Popp , Piyapat Saranrittichai , Martin Rapp , Lukas Schott

The Transformer model architecture has become one of the most widely used in deep learning and the attention mechanism is at its core. The standard attention formulation uses a softmax operation applied to a scaled dot product between query…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Hariprasath Govindarajan , Per Sidén , Jacob Roll , Fredrik Lindsten

The change point is a moment of an abrupt alteration in the data distribution. Current methods for change point detection are based on recurrent neural methods suitable for sequential data. However, recent works show that transformers based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Anna Dmitrienko , Evgenia Romanenkova , Alexey Zaytsev

Attention mechanisms are at the core of modern neural architectures, powering systems ranging from ChatGPT to autonomous vehicles and driving a major economic impact. However, high-profile failures, such as ChatGPT's nonsensical outputs or…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Sigma Jahan , Saurabh Singh Rajput , Tushar Sharma , Mohammad Masudur Rahman

Machine comprehension is a representative task of natural language understanding. Typically, we are given context paragraph and the objective is to answer a question that depends on the context. Such a problem requires to model the complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Zia Hasan , Sebastian Fischer

Today's information and communication devices provide always-on connectivity, instant access to an endless repository of information, and represent the most direct point of contact to almost any person in the world. Despite these…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-06-19 Christoph Anderson , Isabel Hübener , Ann-Kathrin Seipp , Sandra Ohly , Klaus David , Veljko Pejovic

Deep learning has arguably achieved tremendous success in recent years. In simple words, deep learning uses the composition of many nonlinear functions to model the complex dependency between input features and labels. While neural networks…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-16 Jianqing Fan , Cong Ma , Yiqiao Zhong

Modern neural networks are often augmented with an attention mechanism, which tells the network where to focus within the input. We propose in this paper a new framework for sparse and structured attention, building upon a smoothed max…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-26 Vlad Niculae , Mathieu Blondel

Model complexity is a fundamental problem in deep learning. In this paper we conduct a systematic overview of the latest studies on model complexity in deep learning. Model complexity of deep learning can be categorized into expressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-04 Xia Hu , Lingyang Chu , Jian Pei , Weiqing Liu , Jiang Bian

In this paper, we discuss learning algorithms and their importance in different types of applications which includes training to identify important patterns and features in a straightforward, easy-to-understand manner. We will review the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Noorbakhsh Amiri Golilarz , Elias Hossain , Abdoljalil Addeh , Keyan Alexander Rahimi

Visual explanation is an approach for visualizing the grounds of judgment by deep learning, and it is possible to visually interpret the grounds of a judgment for a certain input by visualizing an attention map. As for deep-learning models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Kohei Hattori , Tsubasa Hirakawa , Takayoshi Yamashita , Hironobu Fujiyoshi

Convolutional Neural Networks have achieved impressive results in various tasks, but interpreting the internal mechanism is a challenging problem. To tackle this problem, we exploit a multi-channel attention mechanism in feature space. Our…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-22 Masanari Kimura , Masayuki Tanaka

Attention mechanism has become the dominant module in natural language processing models. It is computationally intensive and depends on massive power-hungry multiplications. In this paper, we rethink variants of attention mechanism from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Yu Wan , Baosong Yang , Dayiheng Liu , Rong Xiao , Derek F. Wong , Haibo Zhang , Boxing Chen , Lidia S. Chao

The attention mechanism lies at the core of the transformer architecture, providing an interpretable model-internal signal that has motivated a growing interest in attention-based model explanations. Although attention weights do not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Marte Eggen , Jacob Lysnæs-Larsen , Inga Strümke

Attention Mechanism is a widely used method for improving the performance of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) on computer vision tasks. Despite its pervasiveness, we have a poor understanding of what its effectiveness stems from. It is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Xiang Ye , Zihang He , Heng Wang , Yong Li

Attention models have become a crucial component in neural machine translation (NMT). They are often implicitly or explicitly used to justify the model's decision in generating a specific token but it has not yet been rigorously established…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-02 Pooya Moradi , Nishant Kambhatla , Anoop Sarkar

The attention layer in a neural network model provides insights into the model's reasoning behind its prediction, which are usually criticized for being opaque. Recently, seemingly contradictory viewpoints have emerged about the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-26 Shikhar Vashishth , Shyam Upadhyay , Gaurav Singh Tomar , Manaal Faruqui