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Principal component analysis (PCA) is perhaps the most widely used method for data dimensionality reduction. A key question in PCA is deciding how many factors to retain. This manuscript describes a new approach to automatically selecting…
We discuss the problem of estimating the number of principal components in Principal Com- ponents Analysis (PCA). Despite of the importance of the problem and the multitude of solutions proposed in the literature, it comes as a surprise…
A popular robust alternative of the classic principal component analysis (PCA) is the $\ell_1$-norm PCA (L1-PCA), which aims to find a subspace that captures the most variation in a dataset as measured by the $\ell_1$-norm. L1-PCA has shown…
Identifying low-dimensional latent structures within high-dimensional data has long been a central topic in the machine learning community, driven by the need for data compression, storage, transmission, and deeper data understanding.…
We investigate the use of dimensionality reduction techniques for the classification of stellar spectra selected from the SDSS. Using local linear embedding (LLE), a technique that preserves the local (and possibly non-linear) structure…
Most of existing manifold learning methods rely on Mean Squared Error (MSE) or $\ell_2$ norm. However, for the problem of image quality assessment, these are not promising measure. In this paper, we introduce the concept of an image…
We provide a probabilistic and infinitesimal view of how the principal component analysis procedure (PCA) can be generalized to analysis of nonlinear manifold valued data. Starting with the probabilistic PCA interpretation of the Euclidean…
We revisit Deep Linear Discriminant Analysis (Deep LDA) from a likelihood-based perspective. While classical LDA is a simple Gaussian model with linear decision boundaries, attaching an LDA head to a neural encoder raises the question of…
This paper proposed a new explicit nonlinear dimensionality reduction using neural networks for image retrieval tasks. We first proposed a Quasi-curvature Locally Linear Embedding (QLLE) for training set. QLLE guarantees the linear…
We consider the problem of learning a linear factor model. We propose a regularized form of principal component analysis (PCA) and demonstrate through experiments with synthetic and real data the superiority of resulting estimates to those…
Sequential or online dimensional reduction is of interests due to the explosion of streaming data based applications and the requirement of adaptive statistical modeling, in many emerging fields, such as the modeling of energy end-use…
Probabilistic Face Embeddings (PFE) can improve face recognition performance in unconstrained scenarios by integrating data uncertainty into the feature representation. However, existing PFE methods tend to be over-confident in estimating…
We propose a new supervised dimensionality reduction technique called Supervised Linear Centroid-Encoder (SLCE), a linear counterpart of the nonlinear Centroid-Encoder (CE) \citep{ghosh2022supervised}. SLCE works by mapping the samples of a…
We propose a novel probabilistic dimensionality reduction framework that can naturally integrate the generative model and the locality information of data. Based on this framework, we present a new model, which is able to learn a smooth…
Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a well known procedure to reduce intrinsic complexity of a dataset, essentially through simplifying the covariance structure or the correlation structure. We introduce a novel algebraic, model-based…
Principal component analysis (PCA), along with its extensions to manifolds and outlier contaminated data, have been indispensable in computer vision and machine learning. In this work, we present a unifying formalism for PCA and its…
Autoencoders (AE) provide a useful method for nonlinear dimensionality reduction but are ill-suited for low data regimes. Conversely, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is data-efficient but is limited to linear dimensionality reduction,…
This paper proposes a probabilistic model of subspaces based on the probabilistic principal component analysis (PCA). Given a sample of vectors in the embedding space -- commonly known as a snapshot matrix -- this method uses quantities…
These notes are an overview of some classical linear methods in Multivariate Data Analysis. This is a good old domain, well established since the 60's, and refreshed timely as a key step in statistical learning. It can be presented as part…
This paper presents a comprehensive overview of several multidimensional reduction methods focusing on Multidimensional Principal Component Analysis (MPCA), Multilinear Orthogonal Neighborhood Preserving Projection (MONPP), Multidimensional…