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Accurate subgrid-scale turbulence models are needed to perform realistic numerical magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of the subsurface flows of the Sun. To perform large-eddy simulations (LES) of turbulent MHD flows, three unknown terms…
Time-dependent three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulation modules are implemented at the Joint Science Operation Center (JSOC) of Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). The modules regularly produce three-dimensional data of the…
The properties of the solar wind, as measured in situ throughout the heliosphere, depend both on the characteristics of its coronal source and on the intrinsic processes governing its interplanetary evolution. Recently, radial and Parker…
Ahead-of-time forecasting of the output power of power plants is essential for the stability of the electricity grid and ensuring uninterrupted service. However, forecasting renewable energy sources is difficult due to the chaotic behavior…
The recent development of numerical schemes for Relativistic MHD (RMHD) allows us to model the acceleration and outflow properties of winds from compact sources. Theoretical models suggest that acceleration and collimation of the flow are…
How the solar wind influences the magnetospheres of the outer planets is a fundamentally important question, but is difficult to answer in the absence of consistent, simultaneous monitoring of the upstream solar wind and the large-scale…
Measuring the performance of solar energy and heat transfer systems requires a lot of time, economic cost and manpower. Meanwhile, directly predicting their performance is challenging due to the complicated internal structures. Fortunately,…
The response of the Earth's magnetosphere to changing solar wind conditions are studied with a 3D Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model. One full year (155 Cluster orbits) of the Earth's magnetosphere is simulated using Grand Unified…
Current solar wind prediction is based on the Wang & Sheeley empirical relationship between the solar wind speed observed at 1 AU and the rate of magnetic flux tube expansion (FTE) between the photosphere and the inner corona, where FTE is…
This work studies reduced order modeling (ROM) approaches to speed up the solution of variational data assimilation problems with large scale nonlinear dynamical models. It is shown that a key requirement for a successful reduced order…
In this work, we employ the set of ideal expanding magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations within the Expanding Box Model (EBM) framework to theoretically characterize the effects of radial solar wind expansion on its characteristic linear MHD…
Accurate space weather forecasting is crucial for protecting our increasingly digital infrastructure. Hybrid-Vlasov models, like Vlasiator, offer physical realism beyond that of current operational systems, but are too computationally…
There is increasingly strong observational evidence that slow magnetoacoustic modes arise in the solar atmosphere. Solar magneto-seismology is a novel tool to derive otherwise directly un-measurable properties of the solar atmosphere when…
Reliable wind turbine power prediction is imperative to the planning, scheduling and control of wind energy farms for stable power production. In recent years Machine Learning (ML) methods have been successfully applied in a wide range of…
Stellar winds are believed to be the dominant factor in spin down of stars over time. However, stellar winds of solar analogs are poorly constrained due to the challenges in observing them. A great improvement has been made in the last…
Inferring the three-dimensional (3D) solar atmospheric structures from observations is a critical task for advancing our understanding of the magnetic fields and electric currents that drive solar activity. In this work, we introduce a…
With the recent interest in net-zero sustainability for commercial buildings, integration of photovoltaic (PV) assets becomes even more important. This integration remains a challenge due to high solar variability and uncertainty in the…
We present a novel reduced-order Model (ROM) that leverages optimal transport (OT) theory and displacement interpolation to enhance the representation of nonlinear dynamics in complex systems. While traditional ROM techniques face…
Cosmic rays (CRs) are tracers of solar events when they are associated with solar flares, but also galactic events when they come from outside our solar system. SEPs are correlated with the 11-year solar cycle while GCRs are anti-correlated…
Solar flares and plasma eruptions are sudden releases of magnetic energy stored in the plasma atmosphere. To understand the physical mechanisms governing their occurrences, three-dimensional magnetic fields from the photosphere up to the…