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We study streaming principal component analysis (PCA), that is to find, in $O(dk)$ space, the top $k$ eigenvectors of a $d\times d$ hidden matrix $\bf \Sigma$ with online vectors drawn from covariance matrix $\bf \Sigma$. We provide…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-04-18 Zeyuan Allen-Zhu , Yuanzhi Li

We develop a first-order (pseudo-)gradient approach for optimizing functions over the stationary distribution of discrete-time Markov chains (DTMC). We give insights into why solving this optimization problem is challenging and show how…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-23 Nanne A. Dieleman , Joost Berkhout , Bernd Heidergott

In this paper, we develop a variant of the well-known Gauss-Newton (GN) method to solve a class of nonconvex optimization problems involving low-rank matrix variables. As opposed to the standard GN method, our algorithm allows one to handle…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-10-27 Quoc Tran-Dinh

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a popular tool for dimensionality reduction and feature extraction in data analysis. There is a probabilistic version of PCA, known as Probabilistic PCA (PPCA). However, standard PCA and PPCA are not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Bowen Zhao , Xi Xiao , Wanpeng Zhang , Bin Zhang , Shutao Xia

In machine learning, nonconvex optimization problems with multiple local optimums are often encountered. Graduated Optimization Algorithm (GOA) is a popular heuristic method to obtain global optimums of nonconvex problems through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-07-11 Li Chen , Shuisheng Zhou , Zhuan Zhang

Oja's algorithm of principal component analysis (PCA) has been one of the methods utilized in practice to reduce dimension. In this paper, we focus on the convergence property of the discrete algorithm. To realize that, we view the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-01-05 Jian-Guo Liu , Zibu Liu

Stochastic gradient descent is a canonical tool for addressing stochastic optimization problems, and forms the bedrock of modern machine learning and statistics. In this work, we seek to balance the fact that attenuating step-size is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-10 Zhan Gao , Alec Koppel , Alejandro Ribeiro

Constrained stochastic nonlinear optimization problems have attracted significant attention for their ability to model complex real-world scenarios in physics, economics, and biology. As datasets continue to grow, online inference methods…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-27 Xinchen Du , Wanrong Zhu , Wei Biao Wu , Sen Na

We study online statistical inference for the solutions of stochastic optimization problems with equality and inequality constraints. Such problems are prevalent in statistics and machine learning, encompassing constrained $M$-estimation,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-11 Yihang Gao , Michael K. Ng , Michael W. Mahoney , Sen Na

This article focuses on the robust principal component analysis (PCA) of high-dimensional data with elliptical distributions. We investigate the PCA of the sample spatial-sign covariance matrix in both nonsparse and sparse contexts,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-08 Ping Zhao , Hongfei Wang , Long Feng

This paper proposes a novel second-order optimization algorithm based on the Optimal Control Principle (OCP), applicable to large-scale optimization problems in neural network training. The algorithm has a computational complexity of O(d)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jindi Zhong , Congyaohui Yin , Zhaorong Zhang , Huanshui Zhang

The stochastic gradient descent (SGD) method is a widely used approach for solving stochastic optimization problems, but its convergence is typically slow. Existing variance reduction techniques, such as SAGA, improve convergence by…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-21 Fabio Nobile , Matteo Raviola , Nathan Schaeffer

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a dimension reduction technique. It produces inconsistent estimators when the dimensionality is moderate to high, which is often the problem in modern large-scale applications where algorithm…

Computation · Statistics 2016-01-29 Qiaoya Zhang , Yiyuan She

A very popular approach for solving stochastic optimization problems is the stochastic gradient descent method (SGD). Although the SGD iteration is computationally cheap and the practical performance of this method may be satisfactory under…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-06-21 Andrei Patrascu , Ion Necoara

In this paper, we study the performance of a large family of SGD variants in the smooth nonconvex regime. To this end, we propose a generic and flexible assumption capable of accurate modeling of the second moment of the stochastic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-06-15 Zhize Li , Peter Richtárik

Gradient Descent Ascent (GDA) methods are the mainstream algorithms for minimax optimization in generative adversarial networks (GANs). Convergence properties of GDA have drawn significant interest in the recent literature. Specifically,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-07-05 Haochuan Li , Farzan Farnia , Subhro Das , Ali Jadbabaie

Stochastic optimization methods have become a class of popular optimization tools in machine learning. Especially, stochastic gradient descent (SGD) has been widely used for machine learning problems such as training neural networks due to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-02-26 Qingsong Zhang , Feihu Huang , Cheng Deng , Heng Huang

We consider solving a convex, possibly stochastic optimization problem over a randomly time-varying multi-agent network. Each agent has access to some local objective function, and it only has unbiased estimates of the gradients of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-11-29 Mingyi Hong , Tsung-Hui Chang

This paper proposes a constrained stochastic successive convex approximation (CSSCA) algorithm to find a stationary point for a general non-convex stochastic optimization problem, whose objective and constraint functions are non-convex and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-09-04 An Liu , Vincent Lau , Borna Kananian

With the recent proliferation of large-scale learning problems,there have been a lot of interest on distributed machine learning algorithms, particularly those that are based on stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and its variants. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-12-07 Ruiliang Zhang , Shuai Zheng , James T. Kwok