Related papers: Nonthermal particle acceleration from maximum entr…
Numerical simulations of particle acceleration in magnetized turbulence have recently observed powerlaw spectra where pile-up distributions are rather expected. We interpret this as evidence for particle segregation based on acceleration…
This note derives the various forms of entropy of systems subject to Olbert distributions (generalized Lorentzian probability distributions known as $\kappa$-distributions) which are frequently observed particularly in high temperature…
A non-relativistic Fokker-Planck equation for the electron distribution function is formulated incorporating the effects of stochastic acceleration by whistler-mode waves and Coulomb collisions. The stationary solution $f$ to the equation,…
We consider a three-dimensional kinetic model for a two species plasma consisting of electrons and ions confined by an external nonconstant magnetic field. Then we derive a kinetic-fluid model when the mass ratio $m_e/m_i$ tends to zero.…
Particles are accelerated to very high, non-thermal energies in solar and space plasma environments. While energy spectra of accelerated electrons often exhibit a power law, it remains unclear how electrons are accelerated to high energies…
A fluid system is derived to describe electrostatic magnetized plasma turbulence at scales somewhat larger than the Larmor radius of a given species. It is related to the Hasegawa- Mima equation, but does not conserve enstrophy, and, as a…
Power-law distributions are a near universal feature of energetic particle spectra in the heliosphere. Anomalous Cosmic Rays (ACRs), super-Alfv\'enic ions in the solar wind and the hardest energetic electron spectra in flares all have…
Many high-energy astrophysical systems contain magnetized collisionless plasmas with relativistic particles, in which turbulence can be driven by an arbitrary mixture of solenoidal and compressive motions. For example, turbulence in hot…
In high-energy collisions the number of the created particles is far less than the thermodynamic limit, especially in small colliding systems (e.g. proton-proton). Therefore final-state effects and fluctuations in the one-particle energy…
The motion of a collisionless plasma - a high-temperature, low-density, ionized gas - is described by the Vlasov-Maxwell (VM) system. These equations are considered in one space dimension and two momentum dimensions without the assumption…
A self-consistent model is presented for performing steady-state fully kinetic Particle-in-Cell simulations of magnetised plasma plumes. An energy-based electron reflection prevents the numerical pump instability associated with a typical…
We present an investigation for the generation of intense magnetic fields in dense plasmas with an anisotropic electron Fermi-Dirac distribution. For this purpose, we use a new linear dispersion relation for transverse waves in the…
We present an equilibrium statistical mechanical theory of collisionless self-gravitational systems with isotropic velocity distributions. Compared to existing standard theories, we introduce two changes: (1) the number of possible…
High-energy astrophysical systems frequently contain collisionless relativistic plasmas that are heated by turbulent cascades and cooled by emission of radiation. Understanding the nature of this radiative turbulence is a frontier of…
We develop a new method for describing the dynamics of 3-dimensional thermal plasmas. Using a piecewise constant 1-particle distribution, we reduce the Vlasov equation to a generalized Lorentz force equation for a family of vector fields…
We report the results of 1D particle-in-cell simulations of ultrarelativistic shock waves in proton-electron-positron plasmas. We consider magnetized shock waves, in which the upstream medium carries a large scale magnetic field, directed…
Diffusive transport of a particle in spatially correlated random energy landscape having exponential density of states has been considered. We exactly calculate the diffusivity in the nondispersive quasi-equilibrium transport regime and…
We use the framework of sample space reducing processes (SSR) as an alternative to Boltzmann equation based approaches, to derive the energy and velocity distribution functions of an inelastic gas in a box as an example for a dissipative,…
It is argued that the factorization of compound probability over subsystems is a consequence of the existence of thermodynamic equilibrium in the composite system having Tsallis entropy. So it should be respected by all exact calculations…
Astrophysical observations suggest that magnetic reconnection in relativistic plasmas plays an important role in the acceleration of energetic particles. Modeling this accurately requires numerical schemes capable of addressing large scales…