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Recent work has shown that it is possible to train an $\textit{unsupervised}$ automatic speech recognition (ASR) system using only unpaired audio and text. Existing unsupervised ASR methods assume that no labeled data can be used for…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-19 Tatiana Likhomanenko , Loren Lugosch , Ronan Collobert

Pseudo-labeling is the most adopted method for pre-training automatic speech recognition (ASR) models. However, its performance suffers from the supervised teacher model's degrading quality in low-resource setups and under domain transfer.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-10 Alex Xiao , Christian Fuegen , Abdelrahman Mohamed

On-device Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) models trained on speech data of a large population might underperform for individuals unseen during training. This is due to a domain shift between user data and the original training data,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-23 Jisi Zhang , Vandana Rajan , Haaris Mehmood , David Tuckey , Pablo Peso Parada , Md Asif Jalal , Karthikeyan Saravanan , Gil Ho Lee , Jungin Lee , Seokyeong Jung

While deep learning based end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems have greatly simplified modeling pipelines, they suffer from the data sparsity issue. In this work, we propose a self-training method with an end-to-end system…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-31 Yang Chen , Weiran Wang , Chao Wang

Recent progress in speech recognition has relied on models trained on vast amounts of labeled data. However, classroom Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) faces the real-world challenge of abundant weak transcripts paired with only a small…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-24 Ahmed Adel Attia , Dorottya Demszky , Jing Liu , Carol Espy-Wilson

In recent years, speech-based self-supervised learning (SSL) has made significant progress in various tasks, including automatic speech recognition (ASR). An ASR model with decent performance can be realized by fine-tuning an SSL model with…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-30 Zhisheng Zheng , Ziyang Ma , Yu Wang , Xie Chen

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) models rely on high-quality transcribed data for effective training. Generating pseudo-labels for large unlabeled audio datasets often relies on complex pipelines that combine multiple ASR outputs through…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-06 Jeena Prakash , Blessingh Kumar , Kadri Hacioglu , Bidisha Sharma , Sindhuja Gopalan , Malolan Chetlur , Shankar Venkatesan , Andreas Stolcke

Supervised ASR models have reached unprecedented levels of accuracy, thanks in part to ever-increasing amounts of labelled training data. However, in many applications and locales, only moderate amounts of data are available, which has led…

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) training can utilize multiple experts as teacher models, each trained on a specific domain or accent. Teacher models may be opaque in nature since their architecture may be not be known or their training…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-29 Aakriti Agrawal , Milind Rao , Anit Kumar Sahu , Gopinath Chennupati , Andreas Stolcke

Fine tuning self supervised pretrained models using pseudo labels can effectively improve speech recognition performance. But, low quality pseudo labels can misguide decision boundaries and degrade performance. We propose a simple yet…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Zezhong Jin , Dading Zhong , Xiao Song , Zhaoyi Liu , Naipeng Ye , Qingcheng Zeng

Audio-visual speech recognition has received a lot of attention due to its robustness against acoustic noise. Recently, the performance of automatic, visual, and audio-visual speech recognition (ASR, VSR, and AV-ASR, respectively) has been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Pingchuan Ma , Alexandros Haliassos , Adriana Fernandez-Lopez , Honglie Chen , Stavros Petridis , Maja Pantic

Fine-tuning pretrained ASR models for specific domains is challenging for small organizations with limited labeled data and computational resources. Here, we explore different data selection pipelines and propose a robust approach that…

Recently self-supervised learning has emerged as an effective approach to improve the performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR). Under such a framework, the neural network is usually pre-trained with massive unlabeled data and then…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-16 Songjun Cao , Yueteng Kang , Yanzhe Fu , Xiaoshuo Xu , Sining Sun , Yike Zhang , Long Ma

In this work, we develop new self-learning techniques with an attention-based sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) model for automatic speech recognition (ASR). For untranscribed speech data, the hypothesis from an ASR system must be used as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Kenichi Kumatani , Dimitrios Dimitriadis , Yashesh Gaur , Robert Gmyr , Sefik Emre Eskimez , Jinyu Li , Michael Zeng

Self-training (ST), or pseudo-labeling has sparked significant interest in the automatic speech recognition (ASR) community recently because of its success in harnessing unlabeled data. Unlike prior semi-supervised learning approaches that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Dan Berrebbi , Ronan Collobert , Samy Bengio , Navdeep Jaitly , Tatiana Likhomanenko

In this paper, we explore the use of pre-trained language models to learn sentiment information of written texts for speech sentiment analysis. First, we investigate how useful a pre-trained language model would be in a 2-step pipeline…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Suwon Shon , Pablo Brusco , Jing Pan , Kyu J. Han , Shinji Watanabe

For real-world speech recognition applications, noise robustness is still a challenge. In this work, we adopt the teacher-student (T/S) learning technique using a parallel clean and noisy corpus for improving automatic speech recognition…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-03-19 Ladislav Mošner , Minhua Wu , Anirudh Raju , Sree Hari Krishnan Parthasarathi , Kenichi Kumatani , Shiva Sundaram , Roland Maas , Björn Hoffmeister

High quality transcription data is crucial for training automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. However, the existing industry-level data collection pipelines are expensive to researchers, while the quality of crowdsourced transcription…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Jian Gao , Hanbo Sun , Cheng Cao , Zheng Du

Pseudo-labeling (PL) has been shown to be effective in semi-supervised automatic speech recognition (ASR), where a base model is self-trained with pseudo-labels generated from unlabeled data. While PL can be further improved by iteratively…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-17 Yosuke Higuchi , Niko Moritz , Jonathan Le Roux , Takaaki Hori

Semi-supervised learning in automatic speech recognition (ASR) typically relies on pseudo-labeling, which often suffers from confirmation bias and error accumulation due to noisy supervision. To address this limitation, we propose ReHear, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Zefang Liu , Chenyang Zhu , Sangwoo Cho , Shi-Xiong Zhang
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