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Target trial emulation has improved comparative effectiveness research by making the causal question, assumptions, and analysis plan explicit. However, target trial protocols are usually developed iteratively. After examining the data,…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-30 Mats Julius Stensrud

We propose a modification of the improved cross entropy (iCE) method to enhance its performance for network reliability assessment. The iCE method performs a transition from the nominal density to the optimal importance sampling (IS)…

Applications · Statistics 2022-11-18 Jianpeng Chan , Iason Papaioannou , Daniel Straub

Confidence calibration for classification models is vital in safety-critical decision-making scenarios and has received extensive attention. General confidence calibration methods assume training and test data are independent and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Jinzong Dong , Zhaohui Jiang , Bo Yang

We present a new method for constructing a confidence interval for the mean of a bounded random variable from samples of the random variable. We conjecture that the confidence interval has guaranteed coverage, i.e., that it contains the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-05 Erik Learned-Miller , Philip S. Thomas

Complex large-scale studies, such as those related to microarray data and fMRI studies, often involve testing multiple hierarchically ordered hypotheses. However, most existing false discovery rate (FDR) controlling procedures do not…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-12-15 Gavin Lynch , Wenge Guo

In a high dimensional multiple testing framework, we present new confidence bounds on the false positives contained in subsets S of selected null hypotheses. The coverage probability holds simultaneously over all subsets S, which means that…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-09-20 Guillermo Durand , Gilles Blanchard , Pierre Neuvial , Etienne Roquain

This paper shows that sequential statistical analysis techniques can be generalised to the problem of selecting between alternative forecasting methods using scoring rules. A return to basic principles is necessary in order to show that…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-15 David T. Frazier , Donald S. Poskitt

We study distribution-free predictive inference for data with group symmetries, aiming to establish near-conditional coverage guarantees beyond exchangeability for structured data. While many predictive inference methods achieve a target…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-19 Yichen Shen , Mengxin Yu

We develop a Monte Carlo-free approach to inference post output from randomized algorithms with a convex loss and a convex penalty. The pivotal statistic based on a truncated law, called the selective pivot, usually lacks closed form…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-05-19 Snigdha Panigrahi , Jelena Markovic , Jonathan Taylor

Latent Class Analysis (LCA) is widely used to identify unobserved subgroups in social and behavioural sciences. A long-standing challenge for LCA is the interpretability of the latent classes, due to the high complexity of the estimated…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-20 Yuxuan Xu , Lea Kaufmann , Yunxiao Chen , Maria Kateri , Irini Moustaki

Post-click conversion rate (CVR) is a reliable indicator of online customers' preferences, making it crucial for developing recommender systems. A major challenge in predicting CVR is severe selection bias, arising from users' inherent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Wenbo Hu , Xin Sun , Qiang liu , Le Wu , Liang Wang

Suppose that a data analyst wishes to report the results of a least squares linear regression only if the overall null hypothesis, $H_0^{1:p}: \beta_1= \beta_2 = \ldots = \beta_p=0$, is rejected. This practice, which we refer to as…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-12 Olivia McGough , Daniela Witten , Daniel Kessler

Especially when facing reliability data with limited information (e.g., a small number of failures), there are strong motivations for using Bayesian inference methods. These include the option to use information from physics-of-failure or…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-27 Qinglong Tian , Colin Lewis-Beck , Jarad Niemi , William Meeker

We develop a framework for post model selection inference, via marginal screening, in linear regression. At the core of this framework is a result that characterizes the exact distribution of linear functions of the response $y$,…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-03-03 Jason D Lee , Jonathan E Taylor

Although a majority of the theoretical literature in high-dimensional statistics has focused on settings which involve fully-observed data, settings with missing values and corruptions are common in practice. We consider the problems of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-06 Yining Wang , Jialei Wang , Sivaraman Balakrishnan , Aarti Singh

There are many research works and methods about change point detection in the literature. However, there are only a few that provide inference for such change points after being estimated. This work mainly focuses on a statistical analysis…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-02 Reza Valiollahi Mehrizi , Shojaeddin Chenouri

Instrumental variable methods are among the most commonly used causal inference approaches to deal with unmeasured confounders in observational studies. The presence of invalid instruments is the primary concern for practical applications,…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-18 Zijian Guo

Multiple hypothesis testing, a situation when we wish to consider many hypotheses, is a core problem in statistical inference that arises in almost every scientific field. In this setting, controlling the false discovery rate (FDR), which…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-03-19 Shiyun Chen , Shiva Kasiviswanathan

The goal of this paper is to develop a practical and general-purpose approach to construct confidence intervals for differentially private parametric estimation. We find that the parametric bootstrap is a simple and effective solution. It…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Cecilia Ferrando , Shufan Wang , Daniel Sheldon

Sparse estimation of the precision matrix under high-dimensional scaling constitutes a canonical problem in statistics and machine learning. Numerous regression and likelihood based approaches, many frequentist and some Bayesian in nature…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-05-20 Peyman Jalali , Kshitij Khare , George Michailidis