Related papers: Proper time operator and its uncertainty relation
Although time measurements are routinely performed in laboratories, their theoretical description is still an open problem. Correspondingly, the status of the energy-time uncertainty relation is unsettled. In the first part of this work the…
The connection between the proper time equation and the Zamolodchikov metric is discussed. The connection is two-fold: First, as already known, the proper time equation is the product of the Zamolodchikov metric and the renormalization…
The relativistic conception of space and time is challenged by the quantum nature of physical observables. It has been known for a long time that Poincar\'e symmetry of field theory can be extended to the larger conformal symmetry. We use…
We introduced with coauthors some years ago a solution to the problem of time in quantum gravity which consists in formulating the quantum theory in terms of real clocks. It combines Page and Wootters' relational proposal with Rovelli's…
We show that motion and gravity affect the precision of quantum clocks. We consider a localised quantum field as a fundamental model of a quantum clock moving in spacetime and show that its state is modified due to changes in acceleration.…
The nonrelativistic Schroedinger equation for motion of a structureless particle in four-dimensional space-time entails a well-known expression for the conserved four-vector field of local probability density and current that are associated…
A harmonic oscillator with time-dependent mass $m(t)$ and a time-dependent (squared) frequency $\omega^2(t)$ occurs in the modelling of several physical systems. It is generally believed that systems, with $m(t)>0$ and $\omega^2(t)>0$…
We study the temporal evolution of a coherent state under the action of a parametric oscillator and a nonlinear Kerr-like medium. We make use of the interaction picture representation and use an exact time evolution operator for the time…
In order to study the "problem of time", Rovelli proposed a model of a two harmonic oscillator system where one of the oscillators can be thought of as a 'clock' for the other oscillator. In this paper we examine a model where the…
The quantum-mechanical framework in which observables are associated with Hermitian operators is too narrow to discuss measurements of such important physical quantities as elapsed time or harmonic-oscillator phase. We introduce a broader…
It is unclear whether an observable notion of time exists in quantum gravity even in principle because spacetime itself fluctuates. We propose a form of observable time in perturbative quantum gravity. First, we define an elapsed proper…
We use the proper time formalism to study a (non-self-interacting) massive Klein-Gordon theory in the two dimensional de Sitter space. We determine the exact Green's function of the theory by solving the DeWitt-Schwinger equation as well as…
The purpose of this paper is to show that: when a single particle moving under 3-proper time (three-dimensional time), the trajectories of a classical particle are equivalent to a quantum field with spin. Three-proper time models are built…
The role of time in quantum mechanics is discussed. The differences between ordinary observables and an observable which corresponds to the time of an event is examined. In particular, the time-of-arrival of a particle to a fixed location…
The gravitational field of a moving point particle is obtained in a Lorentz covariant form for both uncharged and charged cases. It is shown that the general relativistic proper time interval at the location of the particle is the same as…
Several quantum proper time derivatives are obtained from the Beck one in the usual framework of relativistic quantum mechanics (spin 1/2 case). The ``scalar Hamiltonians'' of these derivatives should be thought of as the conjugate…
The discrete phase space continuous time representation of relativistic quantum mechanics involving a characteristic length $l$ is investigated. Fundamental physical constants such as $\hbar$, $c$, and $l$ are retained for most sections of…
A practical way to deal with the problem of time in quantum cosmology and quantum gravity is proposed. The main tool is effective equations, which mainly restrict explicit considerations to semiclassical regimes but have the crucial…
In this analysis, we study the dynamics of quantum oscillator fields within the context of a position-dependent mass (PDM) system situated in an Einstein-Maxwell space-time, incorporating a non-zero cosmological constant. The magnetic field…
Coherent states provide a natural connection of quantum systems to their classical limit and are employed in various fields of physics. Here we derive general systematic expansions, with respect to quantum parameters, of expectation values…