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Federated learning (FL) attempts to train a global model by aggregating local models from distributed devices under the coordination of a central server. However, the existence of a large number of heterogeneous devices makes FL vulnerable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Wenqiang Sun , Sen Li , Yuchang Sun , Jun Zhang

Semi-supervised learning methods can train high-accuracy machine learning models with a fraction of the labeled training samples required for traditional supervised learning. Such methods do not typically involve close review of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Marissa Connor , Vincent Emanuele

Federated edge learning can be essential in supporting privacy-preserving, artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled activities in digital twin 6G-enabled Internet of Things (IoT) environments. However, we need to also consider the potential of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Mohamed Amine Ferrag , Burak Kantarci , Lucas C. Cordeiro , Merouane Debbah , Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo

Semi-supervised Federated Learning (SSFL) has recently drawn much attention due to its practical consideration, i.e., the clients may only have unlabeled data. In practice, these SSFL systems implement semi-supervised training by assigning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Yi Liu , Xingliang Yuan , Ruihui Zhao , Cong Wang , Dusit Niyato , Yefeng Zheng

Federated Learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving distributed machine learning technique that enables individual clients (e.g., user participants, edge devices, or organizations) to train a model on their local data in a secure environment…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Waris Gill , Ali Anwar , Muhammad Ali Gulzar

Federated learning (FL) goes beyond traditional, centralized machine learning by distributing model training among a large collection of edge clients. These clients cooperatively train a global, e.g., cloud-hosted, model without disclosing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Gabriele Costa , Fabio Pinelli , Simone Soderi , Gabriele Tolomei

Model poisoning attacks pose a significant security threat to Federated Learning (FL). Most existing model poisoning attacks rely on collusion, requiring adversarial clients to coordinate by exchanging local benign models and synchronizing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Israt Jahan Mouri , Muhammad Ridowan , Muhammad Abdullah Adnan

This paper proposes a novel, data-agnostic, model poisoning attack on Federated Learning (FL), by designing a new adversarial graph autoencoder (GAE)-based framework. The attack requires no knowledge of FL training data and achieves both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Kai Li , Jingjing Zheng , Xin Yuan , Wei Ni , Ozgur B. Akan , H. Vincent Poor

Federated learning (FL) is a machine learning (ML) approach that allows the use of distributed data without compromising personal privacy. However, the heterogeneous distribution of data among clients in FL can make it difficult for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Thuy Dung Nguyen , Tuan Nguyen , Phi Le Nguyen , Hieu H. Pham , Khoa Doan , Kok-Seng Wong

Federated Learning (FL) facilitates decentralized machine learning model training, preserving data privacy, lowering communication costs, and boosting model performance through diversified data sources. Yet, FL faces vulnerabilities such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-11 Torsten Krauß , Alexandra Dmitrienko

In Federated Learning (FL), a set of clients collaboratively train a machine learning model (called global model) without sharing their local training data. The local training data of clients is typically non-i.i.d. and heterogeneous,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Zhangchen Xu , Fengqing Jiang , Luyao Niu , Jinyuan Jia , Bo Li , Radha Poovendran

Due to the greatly improved capabilities of devices, massive data, and increasing concern about data privacy, Federated Learning (FL) has been increasingly considered for applications to wireless communication networks (WCNs). Wireless FL…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Yichen Wan , Youyang Qu , Wei Ni , Yong Xiang , Longxiang Gao , Ekram Hossain

As a distributed machine learning paradigm, Federated Learning (FL) enables large-scale clients to collaboratively train a model without sharing their raw data. However, due to the lack of data auditing for untrusted clients, FL is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Yanxin Yang , Ming Hu , Xiaofei Xie , Yue Cao , Pengyu Zhang , Yihao Huang , Mingsong Chen

Federated learning allows multiple clients to collaboratively train a global model with the assistance of a server. However, its distributed nature makes it susceptible to poisoning attacks, where malicious clients can compromise the global…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Wenbin Wang , Qiwen Ma , Zifan Zhang , Yuchen Liu , Zhuqing Liu , Minghong Fang

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training while preserving data privacy, but its decentralized nature exposes it to client-side data poisoning attacks (DPAs) and model poisoning attacks (MPAs) that degrade global model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Heyi Zhang , Yule Liu , Xinlei He , Jun Wu , Tianshuo Cong , Xinyi Huang

This paper investigates the critical issue of data poisoning attacks on AI models, a growing concern in the ever-evolving landscape of artificial intelligence and cybersecurity. As advanced technology systems become increasingly prevalent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Halima I. Kure , Pradipta Sarkar , Ahmed B. Ndanusa , Augustine O. Nwajana

Poisoning attacks compromise the training phase of federated learning (FL) such that the learned global model misclassifies attacker-chosen inputs called target inputs. Existing defenses mainly focus on protecting the training phase of FL…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Yuqi Jia , Minghong Fang , Hongbin Liu , Jinghuai Zhang , Neil Zhenqiang Gong

Attacks on Federated Learning (FL) can severely reduce the quality of the generated models and limit the usefulness of this emerging learning paradigm that enables on-premise decentralized learning. However, existing untargeted attacks are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Jiyue Huang , Zilong Zhao , Lydia Y. Chen , Stefanie Roos

Federated learning (FL) is vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where adversaries alter model behavior on target classification labels by embedding triggers into data samples. While these attacks have received considerable attention in…

In federated learning, each participant trains its local model with its own data and a global model is formed at a trusted server by aggregating model updates coming from these participants. Since the server has no effect and visibility on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Ece Isik-Polat , Gorkem Polat , Altan Kocyigit