Related papers: A comprehensive guide to the physics and usage of …
We have developed an event generator, named GR@PPA_4b, for the four bottom quark (b bbar b bbar) production processes at PP and PPbar collisions. The program implements all of the possible processes at the tree level within the framework of…
Current and future neutrino oscillation experiments utilize information of hadronic final states to improve sensitivities on oscillation parameters measurements. Among the physics of hadronic systems in neutrino interactions, the…
Hadronic interaction models are a core ingredient of simulations of extensive air showers and pose the major source of uncertainties of predictions of air shower observables. Recently, Pythia~8, a hadronic interaction model popular in…
This is the manual of the specialized event generator TopReX 3.25. The generator provides the simulation of several important processes in pp and p pbar collisions, not implemented in PYTHIA (yet). Some of these processes include t-quarks…
Parton And-hadron China Institute of Atomic Energy (PACIAE) is a multipurpose Monte Carlo event generator developed to describe a wide range of high-energy collisions, including lepton-lepton, lepton-hadron, lepton-nucleus, hadron-hadron,…
The simulation of extensive air showers is pivotal for advancing our understanding of high-energy cosmic ray interactions in Earth's atmosphere. The CORSIKA 8 framework is being developed as a modern, flexible, and efficient tool for…
We provide an overview of the status of Monte-Carlo event generators for high-energy particle physics. Guided by the experimental needs and requirements, we highlight areas of active development, and opportunities for future improvements.…
The fractal and phase transitional properties of each type of pions (i.e. $\pi^{\pm,0}$) through one-dimensional $\eta-$space, at an energy of $\sqrt{s}=13~$TeV, have been studied with the help of the Scaled Factorial Moment (SFM)…
We present a combined analysis of the Pythia 8 event generator using accelerator data and evaluate its impact on air shower observables. Reliable simulations with event generators are essential for particle physics analyses, achievable…
Event generators like Pythia play an important role in physics studies at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). While they make accurate predictions in the central region, i.e. at pseudorapidities $\eta<5$, a disagreement between Pythia and…
We present version 3.4 of the CalcHEP software package which is designed for effective evaluation and simulation of high energy physics collider processes at parton level. The main features of CalcHEP are the computation of Feynman…
Understanding the production of quarks and gluons in high energy collisions and their evolution is a very active area of investigation. Monte carlo event generator PYTHIA8 uses the parton shower model to simulate such collisions and is…
Nuclear and particle physics are the core components of most undergraduate and postgraduate physics courses worldwide. While few fundamental concepts like particle counting and detector characterisation are taught in tandem with laboratory…
First-principle simulations are at the heart of the high-energy physics research program. They link the vast data output of multi-purpose detectors with fundamental theory predictions and interpretation. This review illustrates a wide range…
We describe the multi-purpose Monte-Carlo event generator WHIZARD for the simulation of high-energy particle physics experiments. Besides the presentation of the general features of the program like SM physics, BSM physics, and QCD effects,…
Sherpa is a general-purpose Monte Carlo event generator for the simulation of particle collisions in high-energy collider experiments. We summarise new developments, essential features, and ongoing improvements within the Sherpa 3 release…
We present studies of strange particle yields and correlations in $pp$ collisions in the PYTHIA8 event generator by studying forward-backward correlations. Several key processes that give rise to these correlative effects are identified and…
We present an updated set of parameters for the PYTHIA 8 event generator. We reevaluate the constraints imposed by LEP and SLD on hadronization, in particular with regard to heavy-quark fragmentation and strangeness production. For hadron…
HEP event generators aim to describe high-energy collisions in full exclusive detail. They combine perturbative matrix elements and parton showers with dynamical models of less well-understood phenomena such as hadronization, diffraction,…
We review the physics basis, main features and use of general-purpose Monte Carlo event generators for the simulation of proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. Topics included are: the generation of hard-scattering matrix…