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Probabilistic models are proposed for bounding the forward error in the numerically computed inner product (dot product, scalar product) between of two real $n$-vectors. We derive probabilistic perturbation bounds, as well as probabilistic…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-06-26 Ilse C. F. Ipsen , Hua Zhou

We consider a system of integer polynomials of the same degree with non-singular local zeros and in many variables. Generalising the work of Birch (1962) we find quantitative asymptotics (in terms of the maximum of the absolute value of the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-10 Jan-Willem M. van Ittersum

Diophantine approximation is traditionally the study of how well real numbers are approximated by rationals. We propose a model for studying Diophantine approximation in an arbitrary totally bounded metric space where the rationals are…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-03-20 Jonathan M. Fraser , Henna Koivusalo , Felipe A. Ramirez

We show that the parabola is of strong Khintchine type for convergence, which is the first result of its kind for curves. Moreover, Jarnik type theorems are established in both the simultaneous and the dual settings, without monotonicity on…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-12-18 Jing-Jing Huang

We prove lower bounds of order $n\log n$ for both the problem to multiply polynomials of degree $n$, and to divide polynomials with remainder, in the model of bounded coefficient arithmetic circuits over the complex numbers. These lower…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Peter Buergisser , Martin Lotz

A general lower bound is developed for the minimax risk when estimating an arbitrary functional. The bound is based on testing two composite hypotheses and is shown to be effective in estimating the nonsmooth functional…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-05-17 T. Tony Cai , Mark G. Low

We first propose two conjectural estimates on Diophantine approximation of logarithms of algebraic numbers. Next we discuss the state of the art and we give further partial results on this topic.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Michel Waldschmidt

The motivation of this work stems from the numerical approximation of bounded functions by polynomials satisfying the same bounds. The present contribution makes use of the recent algebraic characterization found in [B. Despr\'es, Numer.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-06-30 Martin Campos Pinto , Frédérique Charles , Bruno Després , Maxime Herda

We introduce a new technique to establish Hungarian multivariate theorems. In this article we apply this technique to the strong approximation bivariate theorems of the uniform empirical process. It improves the Komlos, Major and Tusn\'ady…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-06-23 Nathalie Castelle

We prove a structure theorem for multiplicative functions which states that an arbitrary bounded multiplicative function can be decomposed into two terms, one that is approximately periodic and another that has small Gowers uniformity norm…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-01-27 Nikos Frantzikinakis , Bernard Host

A well-known discovery of Feige's is the following: Let $X_1, \ldots, X_n$ be nonnegative independent random variables, with $\mathbb{E}[X_i] \leq 1 \;\forall i$, and let $X = \sum_{i=1}^n X_i$. Then for any $n$, \[\Pr[X < \mathbb{E}[X] +…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-04-06 Brian Garnett

Using a long-standing conjecture from combinatorial group theory, we explore, from multiple perspectives, the challenges of finding rare instances carrying disproportionately high rewards. Based on lessons learned in the context defined by…

Methods are described for the solution of linear inference problems subject to deterministic constraints. The approach builds on work by Backus (1970a,b,c) and Parker (1977), but a range useful advances are suggested to address both…

Geophysics · Physics 2021-09-22 David Al-Attar

Mixed radix bases in numeration is a very old notion but it is rarely studied on its own or in relation with concrete problems related to number theory. Starting from the natural question of the conversion of a basis to another for integers…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-03-28 Damien Simon

This paper is motivated by two problems in the theory of Diophantine approximation, namely, Davenport's problem regarding badly approximable points on submanifolds of a Euclidean space and Schmidt's problem regarding the intersections of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-04-01 Victor Beresnevich

This paper gives a new approximation theory for finitely generated modules over commutative Noetherian rings, which unifies two famous approximation theorems; one is due to Auslander and Bridger and the other is due to Auslander and…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ryo Takahashi

We introduce a new technique proving formula size lower bounds based on the linear programming bound originally introduced by Karchmer, Kushilevitz and Nisan [11] and the theory of stable set polytope. We apply it to majority functions and…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-02-13 Kenya Ueno

A fundamental problem in numerical analysis and approximation theory is approximating smooth functions by polynomials. A much harder version under recent consideration is to enforce bounds constraints on the approximating polynomial. In…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-12-28 Larry Allen , Robert C. Kirby

Randomized higher-order computation can be seen as being captured by a lambda calculus endowed with a single algebraic operation, namely a construct for binary probabilistic choice. What matters about such computations is the probability of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-12-24 Ugo Dal Lago , Claudia Faggian , Simona Ronchi Della Rocca

Function approximation is a generic process in a variety of computational problems, from data interpolation to the solution of differential equations and inverse problems. In this work, a unified approach for such techniques is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-10-01 Nikolaos P. Bakas