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We extend the single-stage stellarator coil design approach for quasi-symmetry on axis from [Giuliani et al, 2020] to additionally take into account coil manufacturing errors. By modeling coil errors independently from the coil…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-05-18 Florian Wechsung , Andrew Giuliani , Matt Landreman , Antoine Cerfon , Georg Stadler

In the construction of a stellarator, the manufacturing and assembling of the coil system is a dominant cost. These coils need to satisfy strict engineering tolerances, and if those are not met the project could be canceled as in the case…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2022-05-04 Silke Glas , Misha Padidar , Ariel Kellison , David Bindel

The reduction of magnetic forces on electromagnetic coils is an important consideration in the design of high-field devices such as the stellarator or tokamak. Unfortunately, these forces may be too time-consuming to evaluate by…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-10-15 Siena Hurwitz , Matt Landreman , Alan Kaptanoglu

Topology optimization, a technique to determine where material should be placed within a predefined volume in order to minimize a physical objective, is used across a wide range of scientific fields and applications. A general application…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-06-23 Alan A. Kaptanoglu , Gabriel P. Langlois , Matt Landreman

Finding feasible coils for stellarator fusion devices is a critical challenge of realizing this concept for future power plants. Current design efforts struggle to navigate the highly nonconvex optimization landscape, spend considerable…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-09-10 Pedro F. Gil , Weiping Li , Julianne Stratton , Alan A. Kaptanoglu , Eve V. Stenson

In this paper, single-stage stellarator optimization is combined with stochastic coil optimization to improve the robustness of the stellarator as compared to deterministic methods. The plasma boundary, solved with an MHD solver in…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2026-03-13 Pedro F. Gil , Jason Smoniewski , Rogerio Jorge , Paul Huslage , Eve V. Stenson

A challenge in the design of stellarators for confining plasma at conditions relevant to fusion energy generation is designing a feasible set of magnetic field coils which can create the necessary confining field. One active direction of…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-02-12 Ryan Wu , Thomas Kruger , Charles Swanson

Most present stellarator designs are produced by costly two-stage optimization: the first for an optimized equilibrium, and the second for a coil design reproducing its magnetic configuration. Few proxies for coil complexity and forces…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-06-11 Lanke Fu , Elizabeth J. Paul , Alan A. Kaptanoglu , Amitava Bhattacharjee

Filament-based coil optimizations are performed for several quasihelical stellarator configurations, notably the one from [M. Landreman, E. Paul, PRL 128, 035001, 2022], demonstrating that precise quasihelical symmetry can be achieved with…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-11-29 Alexander Vyacheslav Wiedman , Stefan Buller , Matt Landreman

Many stellarator coil design problems are plagued by multiple minima, where the locally optimal coil sets can sometimes vary substantially in performance. As a result, solving a coil design problem a single time with a local optimization…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-05-22 Andrew Giuliani

We present a robust optimization algorithm for the design of electromagnetic coils that generate vacuum magnetic fields with nested flux surfaces and precise quasi-symmetry. The method is based on a bilevel optimization problem, where the…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-04-26 Andrew Giuliani , Florian Wechsung , Antoine Cerfon , Matt Landreman , Georg Stadler

Single-stage optimization, also known as combined plasma-coil algorithms or direct coil optimization, has recently emerged as a possible method to expedite the design of stellarator devices by including, in a single step, confinement,…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-06-13 R. Jorge , A. Giuliani , J. Loizu

The design of a stellarator with acceptable confinement properties requires optimization of the magnetic field in the non-convex, high-dimensional spaces describing their geometry. Another major challenge facing the stellarator program is…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2020-05-18 Elizabeth Paul

A common optimization problem in the areas of magnetized plasmas and fusion energy is the design of magnets to produce a given three-dimensional magnetic field distribution to high precision. When designing arrays of permanent magnets for…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-02-20 K. C. Hammond , A. A. Kaptanoglu

Designing magnets for three-dimensional plasma confinement is a key task for advancing the stellarator as a fusion reactor concept. Stellarator magnets must produce an accurate field while leaving adequate room for other components and…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-03-12 K. C. Hammond

We present a new coil design paradigm for magnetic confinement in stellarators. Our approach directly optimizes coil shapes and coil currents to produce a vacuum quasi-symmetric magnetic field with a target rotational transform on the…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2022-03-17 Andrew Giuliani , Florian Wechsung , Antoine Cerfon , Georg Stadler , Matt Landreman

We present a technique that can be used to design stellarators with a high degree of experimental flexibility. For our purposes, flexibility is defined by the range of values the rotational transform can take on the magnetic axis of the…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2022-11-10 Brandon F Lee , Elizabeth J Paul , Georg Stadler , Matt Landreman

Balancing plasma performance and coil cost is a significant challenge when designing a stellarator power plant. Most current stellarator designs are produced through two-stage optimization: stage-1 for the equilibrium and stage-2 for a coil…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Lanke Fu , Dario Panici , Elizabeth Paul , Alan Kaptanoglu , Amitava Bhattacharjee

Finding feasible coils for stellarator fusion devices is a critical challenge of realizing this concept for future power plants. Years of research work can be put into the design of even a single reactor-scale stellarator design. To rapidly…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2026-03-17 Alan A. Kaptanoglu , Pedro F. Gil

A new stellarator coil design code is introduced that optimizes the position and winding pack orientation of finite-build coils. The new code, called FOCUSADD, performs gradient-based optimization in a high-dimensional, non-convex space.…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2021-02-03 Nick McGreivy , Stuart R. Hudson , Caoxiang Zhu
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