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As the hardware technology for quantum computing advances, its possible applications are actively searched and developed. However, such applications still suffer from the noise on quantum devices, in particular when using two-qubit gates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-03 Kosuke Mitarai , Keisuke Fujii

Any bipartite nonlocal unitary operation can be carried out by teleporting a quantum state from one party to the other, performing the unitary gate locally, and teleporting a state back again. This paper investigates unitaries which can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-06-22 Li Yu , Robert B. Griffiths , Scott M. Cohen

A non-local unitary transformation of two qubits occurs when some Hamiltonian interaction couples them. Here we characterize the amount, as measured by time, of interaction required to perform two--qubit gates, when also arbitrarily fast,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 K. Hammerer , G. Vidal , J. I. Cirac

Non-local quantum computation (NLQC) replaces a local interaction between two systems with a single round of communication and shared entanglement. Despite many partial results, it is known that a characterization of entanglement cost in at…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-02 Andreas Bluhm , Simon Höfer , Alex May , Mikka Stasiuk , Philip Verduyn Lunel , Henry Yuen

A nonlocal bipartite unitary gate can sometimes be implemented using prior entanglement and only one round of classical communication in which the two parties send messages to each other simultaneously. This cuts the classical communication…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-03-13 Li Yu

We propose some protocols to implement various classes of bipartite unitary operations on two remote parties with the help of repeater nodes in-between. We also present a protocol to implement a single-qubit unitary with parameters…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-24 Li Yu , Kae Nemoto

Simulating large quantum circuits on hardware with limited qubit counts is often attempted through methods like circuit knitting, which typically incur sample costs that grow exponentially with the number of connections cut. In this work,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-11 Junxiang Huang , Yunxin Tang , Xiao Yuan

This paper addresses the challenge of scaling quantum computing by employing distributed quantum algorithms across multiple processors. We propose a novel circuit partitioning method that leverages graph partitioning to optimize both qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-28 Eneet Kaur , Hassan Shapourian , Jiapeng Zhao , Michael Kilzer , Ramana Kompella , Reza Nejabati

Quantum entanglement is one of the primary features which distinguishes quantum computers from classical computers. In gate-based quantum computing, the creation of entangled states or the distribution of entanglement across a quantum…

Notions of circuit complexity and cost play a key role in quantum computing and simulation where they capture the (weighted) minimal number of gates that is required to implement a unitary. Similar notions also become increasingly prominent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-13 J. Eisert

We demonstrate how to universally simulate ensemble statistics of projective local measurements on any $n$-qubit state shared among $n$ observers with classical communication and shared randomness. Our technique originates from protocols…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-20 Kelvin Onggadinata , Pawel Kurzynski , Dagomir Kaszlikowski

Gate-based universal quantum computation is formulated in terms of two types of operations: local single-qubit gates, which are typically easily implementable, and two-qubit entangling gates, whose faithful implementation remains one of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-18 Xiaoqin Gao , Paul Appel , Nicolai Friis , Martin Ringbauer , Marcus Huber

We prove that there is a trade-off relation between the entanglement cost and the number of rounds of communication, for two distant parties to accomplish a bidirectional quantum information task by local operations and classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-30 Eyuri Wakakuwa , Akihito Soeda , Mio Murao

We present a constructive method to translate small quantum circuits into their optical analogues, using linear components of present-day quantum optics technology only. These optical circuits perform precisely the computation that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 C. Adami , N. J. Cerf

Distributed quantum computation is a practical method for large-scale quantum computation on quantum processors with limited size. It can be realized by direct quantum channels in flying qubits. Moreover, the pre-established quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-05 Tian-Ren Jin , Kai Xu , Heng Fan

Quantum error correction codes with non-local connections such as quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) incur lower overhead and outperform surface codes on large-scale devices. These codes are not applicable on current superconducting…

Distributing circuits across quantum processor modules will enable the execution of circuits larger than the qubit count limitations of monolithic processors. While distributed quantum computation has primarily utilized circuit cutting, it…

Port-based teleportation (PBT) is a variant of quantum teleportation that, unlike the canonical protocol by Bennett et al., does not require a correction operation on the teleported state. Since its introduction by Ishizaka and Hiroshima in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-24 Dmitry Grinko , Adam Burchardt , Maris Ozols

Bell measurements, which allow entanglement between uncorrelated distant particles, play a central role in quantum communication. Indeed sharing, measuring and creating entanglement lie at the core of various protocols, such as entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-23 Luca Bianchi , Carlo Marconi , Giulia Guarda , Davide Bacco

Efficiently entangling pairs of qubits is essential to fully harness the power of quantum computing. Here, we devise an exact protocol that simultaneously entangles arbitrary pairs of qubits on a trapped-ion quantum computer. The protocol…