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We study the problem of generating source code in a strongly typed, Java-like programming language, given a label (for example a set of API calls or types) carrying a small amount of information about the code that is desired. The generated…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-04-16 Vijayaraghavan Murali , Letao Qi , Swarat Chaudhuri , Chris Jermaine

In software development, the identification of source code file experts is an important task. Identifying these experts helps to improve software maintenance and evolution activities, such as developing new features, code reviews, and bug…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-08-17 Otávio Cury , Guilherme Avelino , Pedro Santos Neto , Ricardo Britto , Marco Túlio Valente

Programming languages and platforms improve over time, sometimes resulting in new language features that offer many benefits. However, despite these benefits, developers may not always be willing to adopt them in their projects for various…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-03-29 Raffi Khatchadourian , Hidehiko Masuhara

Recent years have seen growing interest in the retrofitting of type systems onto dynamically-typed programming languages, in order to improve type safety, programmer productivity, or performance. In such cases, type system developers must…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2016-05-05 Esben Andreasen , Colin S. Gordon , Satish Chandra , Manu Sridharan , Frank Tip , Koushik Sen

Concept learning is a form of supervised machine learning that operates on knowledge bases in description logics. State-of-the-art concept learners often rely on an iterative search through a countably infinite concept space. In each…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-13 Louis Mozart Kamdem Teyou , Caglar Demir , Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo

Modern software relies on libraries and uses them via application programming interfaces (APIs). Correct API usage as well as many software engineering tasks are enabled when APIs have formal specifications. In this work, we analyze the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-05-17 John L. Singleton , Gary T. Leavens , Hridesh Rajan , David R. Cok

Comments are an integral part of software development; they are natural language descriptions associated with source code elements. Understanding explicit associations can be useful in improving code comprehensibility and maintaining the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Sheena Panthaplackel , Milos Gligoric , Raymond J. Mooney , Junyi Jessy Li

Code comment generation is a crucial task in the field of automatic software development. Most previous neural comment generation systems used an encoder-decoder neural network and encoded only information from source code as input.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-10-24 Bolin Wei

Duplicated code has a negative impact on the quality of software systems and should be detected at least. In this paper, we discuss an approach that improves source code retrieval using the structural information about the programs. We…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2013-08-19 Yoshihisa Udagawa

Most application development happens in the context of complex APIs; reference documentation for APIs has grown tremendously in variety, complexity, and volume, and can be difficult to navigate. There is a growing need to develop…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-07-27 Niraj Kumar , Premkumar Devanbu

Modern software development without reactive programming is hard to imagine. Reactive programming favors a wide class of contemporary software systems that respond to user input, network messages, and other events. While reactive…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-04-03 Stefan Ramson , Robert Hirschfeld

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promising results for software engineering applications, but still struggle with code reasoning tasks such as vulnerability detection (VD). We introduce ConceptCoder, a fine-tuning method that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Md Mahbubur Rahman , Hengbo Tong , Wei Le

Code Smell, similar to a bad smell, is a surface indication of something tainted but in terms of software writing practices. This metric is an indication of a deeper problem lies within the code and is associated with an issue which is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-11 Himanshu Gupta , Tanmay G. Kulkarni , Lov Kumar , Lalita Bhanu Murthy Neti , Aneesh Krishna

Current dark pattern research tells designers what not to do, but how do they know what to do? In contrast to prior approaches that focus on patterns to avoid and their underlying principles, we present a framework grounded in positive…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Evan Caragay , Katherine Xiong , Jonathan Zong , Daniel Jackson

In the paper a new programming construct, called concept, is introduced. Concept is pair of two classes: a reference class and an object class. Instances of the reference classes are passed-by-value and are intended to represent objects.…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2008-01-03 Alexandr Savinov

API suggestion is a critical task in modern software development, assisting programmers by predicting and recommending third-party APIs based on the current context. Recent advancements in large code models (LCMs) have shown promise in the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Chaozheng Wang , Shuzheng Gao , Cuiyun Gao , Wenxuan Wang , Chun Yong Chong , Shan Gao , Michael R. Lyu

Identifiers make up a majority of the text in code. They are one of the most basic mediums through which developers describe the code they create and understand the code that others create. Therefore, understanding the patterns latent in…

Prompt programming treats large language model prompts as software components with typed interfaces. Based on a literature survey of 15 recent works from 2023 to 2025, we observe a consistent trend: type systems are central to emerging…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Abhijit Paul

Despite being an old language feature, Java exception handling code is one of the least understood parts of many systems. Several studies have analyzed the characteristics of exception handling code, trying to identify common practices or…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-01-28 Hugo Melo , Roberta Coelho , Christoph Treude

Maintaining large code bases written in dynamically typed languages, such as JavaScript or Python, can be challenging due to the absence of type annotations: simple data compatibility errors proliferate, IDE support is limited, and APIs are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-03-09 Michael Pradel , Georgios Gousios , Jason Liu , Satish Chandra