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In this paper, we propose an encoder-decoder neural architecture (called Channelformer) to achieve improved channel estimation for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) waveforms in downlink scenarios. The self-attention…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-10 Dianxin Luan , John Thompson

Recurrent Neural Networks were, until recently, one of the best ways to capture the timely dependencies in sequences. However, with the introduction of the Transformer, it has been proven that an architecture with only attention-mechanisms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Radostin Cholakov , Todor Kolev

Convolution neural networks (CNNs) have succeeded in compressive image sensing. However, due to the inductive bias of locality and weight sharing, the convolution operations demonstrate the intrinsic limitations in modeling the long-range…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-03 Dongjie Ye , Zhangkai Ni , Hanli Wang , Jian Zhang , Shiqi Wang , Sam Kwong

Semantic segmentation of remotely sensed urban scene images is required in a wide range of practical applications, such as land cover mapping, urban change detection, environmental protection, and economic assessment.Driven by rapid…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Libo Wang , Rui Li , Ce Zhang , Shenghui Fang , Chenxi Duan , Xiaoliang Meng , Peter M. Atkinson

The self-attention mechanism, a cornerstone of Transformer-based state-of-the-art deep learning architectures, is largely heuristic-driven and fundamentally challenging to interpret. Establishing a robust theoretical foundation to explain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Laziz U. Abdullaev , Maksim Tkachenko , Tan M. Nguyen

Many machine learning tasks such as multiple instance learning, 3D shape recognition, and few-shot image classification are defined on sets of instances. Since solutions to such problems do not depend on the order of elements of the set,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Juho Lee , Yoonho Lee , Jungtaek Kim , Adam R. Kosiorek , Seungjin Choi , Yee Whye Teh

The real-time crash likelihood prediction model is an essential component of the proactive traffic safety management system. Over the years, numerous studies have attempted to construct a crash likelihood prediction model in order to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-30 B M Tazbiul Hassan Anik , Zubayer Islam , Mohamed Abdel-Aty

We present a new method that views object detection as a direct set prediction problem. Our approach streamlines the detection pipeline, effectively removing the need for many hand-designed components like a non-maximum suppression…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Nicolas Carion , Francisco Massa , Gabriel Synnaeve , Nicolas Usunier , Alexander Kirillov , Sergey Zagoruyko

Line detection is a basic digital image processing operation used by higher-level processing methods. Recently, transformer-based methods for line detection have proven to be more accurate than methods based on CNNs, at the expense of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Sebastian Janampa , Marios Pattichis

Accurate detection of lane and road markings is a task of great importance for intelligent vehicles. In existing approaches, the detection accuracy often degrades with the increasing distance. This is due to the fact that distant lane and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Zhuoping Yu , Xiaozhou Ren , Yuyao Huang , Wei Tian , Junqiao Zhao

Motion forecasting for autonomous driving is a challenging task because complex driving scenarios result in a heterogeneous mix of static and dynamic inputs. It is an open problem how best to represent and fuse information about road…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Nigamaa Nayakanti , Rami Al-Rfou , Aurick Zhou , Kratarth Goel , Khaled S. Refaat , Benjamin Sapp

Lane detection algorithms have been the key enablers for a fully-assistive and autonomous navigation systems. In this paper, a novel and pragmatic approach for lane detection is proposed using a convolutional neural network (CNN) model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Rama Sai Mamidala , Uday Uthkota , Mahamkali Bhavani Shankar , A. Joseph Antony , A. V. Narasimhadhan

Recently, lane detection has made great progress with the rapid development of deep neural networks and autonomous driving. However, there exist three mainly problems including characterizing lanes, modeling the structural relationship…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Jinming Su , Chao Chen , Ke Zhang , Junfeng Luo , Xiaoming Wei , Xiaolin Wei

Autonomous parking plays a vital role in intelligent vehicle systems, particularly in constrained urban environments where high-precision control is required. While traditional rule-based parking systems struggle with environmental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Jun Fu , Bin Tian , Haonan Chen , Shi Meng , Tingting Yao

Mainstream lane marker detection methods are implemented by predicting the overall structure and deriving parametric curves through post-processing. Complex lane line shapes require high-dimensional output of CNNs to model global…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-31 Zhan Qu , Huan Jin , Yang Zhou , Zhen Yang , Wei Zhang

Detectors with high coverage have direct and far-reaching benefits for road users in route planning and avoiding traffic congestion, but utilizing these data presents unique challenges including: the dynamic temporal correlation, and the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-02 He Li , Shiyu Zhang , Xuejiao Li , Liangcai Su , Hongjie Huang , Duo Jin , Linghao Chen , Jianbing Huang , Jaesoo Yoo

In this paper, we present a new tracking architecture with an encoder-decoder transformer as the key component. The encoder models the global spatio-temporal feature dependencies between target objects and search regions, while the decoder…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Bin Yan , Houwen Peng , Jianlong Fu , Dong Wang , Huchuan Lu

Transformer is a powerful architecture that achieves superior performance on various sequence learning tasks, including neural machine translation, language understanding, and sequence prediction. At the core of the Transformer is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-13 Yao-Hung Hubert Tsai , Shaojie Bai , Makoto Yamada , Louis-Philippe Morency , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Vision-based Transformer have shown huge application in the perception module of autonomous driving in terms of predicting accurate 3D bounding boxes, owing to their strong capability in modeling long-range dependencies between the visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-06 Apoorv Singh

The Transformer architecture has revolutionized the field of sequence modeling and underpins the recent breakthroughs in large language models (LLMs). However, a comprehensive mathematical theory that explains its structure and operations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Xue-Cheng Tai , Hao Liu , Lingfeng Li , Raymond H. Chan