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Expressive text-to-speech (TTS) has become a hot research topic recently, mainly focusing on modeling prosody in speech. Prosody modeling has several challenges: 1) the extracted pitch used in previous prosody modeling works have inevitable…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-17 Yi Ren , Ming Lei , Zhiying Huang , Shiliang Zhang , Qian Chen , Zhijie Yan , Zhou Zhao

Like spoken languages, a single sign language expression could correspond to multiple valid textual interpretations. Hence, learning a rigid one-to-one mapping for sign language translation (SLT) models might be inadequate, particularly in…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Xin Shen , Lei Shen , Shaozu Yuan , Heming Du , Haiyang Sun , Xin Yu

Pretraining sentence encoders with language modeling and related unsupervised tasks has recently been shown to be very effective for language understanding tasks. By supplementing language model-style pretraining with further training on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-01 Jason Phang , Thibault Févry , Samuel R. Bowman

A common and effective means for improving language model capabilities involves finetuning a ``student'' language model's parameters on generations from a more proficient ``teacher'' model. Termed ``synthetic data'', these generations are…

Intent classification is a fundamental task in the spoken language understanding field that has recently gained the attention of the scientific community, mainly because of the feasibility of approaching it with end-to-end neural models. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Mohamed Nabih Ali , Alessio Brutti , Daniele Falavigna

In this paper, we present an approach to learning latent semantic analysis models from loosely annotated images for automatic image annotation and indexing. The given annotation in training images is loose due to: (1) ambiguous…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2008-05-30 Hong Tang , Nozha Boujemma , Yunhao Chen

The quality of the prompts provided to text-to-image diffusion models determines how faithful the generated content is to the user's intent, often requiring `prompt engineering'. To harness visual concepts from target images without prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Shweta Mahajan , Tanzila Rahman , Kwang Moo Yi , Leonid Sigal

Speech Emotion Recognition models typically use single categorical labels, overlooking the inherent ambiguity of human emotions. Ambiguous Emotion Recognition addresses this by representing emotions as probability distributions, but…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-22 Wenda Zhang , Hongyu Jin , Siyi Wang , Zhiqiang Wei , Ting Dang

Although current state-of-the-art language models have achieved impressive results in numerous natural language processing tasks, still they could not solve the problem of producing repetitive, dull and sometimes inconsistent text in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-10 An Nguyen

AI-driven sign language interpretation is limited by a lack of high-quality annotated data. New datasets including ASL STEM Wiki and FLEURS-ASL contain professional interpreters and 100s of hours of data but remain only partially annotated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Colin Lea , Vasileios Baltatzis , Connor Gillis , Raja Kushalnagar , Lorna Quandt , Leah Findlater

Prosody conveys rich emotional and semantic information of the speech signal as well as individual idiosyncrasies. We propose a stand-alone model that maps text-to-prosodic features such as F0 and energy and can be used in downstream tasks…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-14 Eray Eren , Qingju Liu , Hyeongwoo Kim , Pablo Garrido , Abeer Alwan

Recent advances in automatic evaluation metrics for text have shown that deep contextualized word representations, such as those generated by BERT encoders, are helpful for designing metrics that correlate well with human judgements. At the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-14 Xi Chen , Nan Ding , Tomer Levinboim , Radu Soricut

In this paper, we propose three methods for generating synthetic samples to train and evaluate multimodal large language models capable of processing both text and speech inputs. Addressing the scarcity of samples containing both…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-21 Vahid Noroozi , Zhehuai Chen , Somshubra Majumdar , Steve Huang , Jagadeesh Balam , Boris Ginsburg

Recent progress in Large Language Models (LLMs) and language agents has demonstrated significant promise for various future applications across multiple disciplines. While traditional approaches to language agents often rely on fixed,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Lukas Vierling , Jie Fu , Kai Chen

Accented text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis seeks to generate speech with an accent (L2) as a variant of the standard version (L1). Accented TTS synthesis is challenging as L2 is different from L1 in both in terms of phonetic rendering and…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Rui Liu , Berrak Sisman , Guanglai Gao , Haizhou Li

This paper investigates the design of effective prompt strategies for generating realistic datasets using Text-To-Audio (TTA) models. We also analyze different techniques for efficiently combining these datasets to enhance their utility in…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-07 Francesca Ronchini , Ho-Hsiang Wu , Wei-Cheng Lin , Fabio Antonacci

Attention-based models have shown significant improvement over traditional algorithms in several NLP tasks. The Transformer, for instance, is an illustrative example that generates abstract representations of tokens inputted to an encoder…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Dhanasekar Sundararaman , Vivek Subramanian , Guoyin Wang , Shijing Si , Dinghan Shen , Dong Wang , Lawrence Carin

Recent generative data augmentation methods conditioned on both image and text prompts struggle to balance between fidelity and diversity, as it is challenging to preserve essential image details while aligning with varied text prompts.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Tianchen Zhao , Xuanbai Chen , Zhihua Li , Jun Fang , Dongsheng An , Xiang Xu , Zhuowen Tu , Yifan Xing

Estimating perceptual attributes of materials directly from images is a challenging task due to their complex, not fully-understood interactions with external factors, such as geometry and lighting. Supervised deep learning models have…

Recent advancements in diffusion models have notably improved the perceptual quality of generated images in text-to-image synthesis tasks. However, diffusion models often struggle to produce images that accurately reflect the intended…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Yang Zhang , Teoh Tze Tzun , Lim Wei Hern , Tiviatis Sim , Kenji Kawaguchi