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Physics informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently been very successfully applied for efficiently approximating inverse problems for PDEs. We focus on a particular class of inverse problems, the so-called data assimilation or unique…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-12-07 Siddhartha Mishra , Roberto Molinaro

We derive bounds on the error, in high-order Sobolev norms, incurred in the approximation of Sobolev-regular as well as analytic functions by neural networks with the hyperbolic tangent activation function. These bounds provide explicit…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-12-09 Tim De Ryck , Samuel Lanthaler , Siddhartha Mishra

In this paper we introduce a novel Neural Networks-based approach for approximating solutions to the (2D) incompressible Navier--Stokes equations, which is an extension of so called Deep Random Vortex Methods (DRVM), that does not require…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-12-02 Vladislav Cherepanov , Sebastian W. Ertel

We leverage Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) to learn solution functions of parametric Navier-Stokes Equations (NSE). Our proposed approach results in a feasible optimization problem setup that bypasses PINNs' limitations in…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-02-06 M. Naderibeni , M. J. T. Reinders , L. Wu , D. M. J. Tax

We propose an abstract framework for analyzing the convergence of least-squares methods based on residual minimization when feasible solutions are neural networks. With the norm relations and compactness arguments, we derive error estimates…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-10-04 Yeonjong Shin , Zhongqiang Zhang , George Em Karniadakis

Many core problems in nonlinear systems analysis and control can be recast as solving partial differential equations (PDEs) such as Lyapunov and Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equations. Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-21 Jun Liu

Can neural networks learn to solve partial differential equations (PDEs)? We investigate this question for two (systems of) PDEs, namely, the Poisson equation and the steady Navier--Stokes equations. The contributions of this paper are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Tim Dockhorn

An energy-based a posteriori error bound is proposed for the physics-informed neural network solutions of elasticity problems. An admissible displacement-stress solution pair is obtained from a mixed form of physics-informed neural…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-05-31 Mengwu Guo , Ehsan Haghighat

We present a comprehensive framework for deriving rigorous and efficient bounds on the approximation error of deep neural networks in PDE models characterized by branching mechanisms, such as waves, Schr\"odinger equations, and other…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-05-24 Claudio Muñoz , Nicolás Valenzuela

The goal of this work is to train a neural network which approximates solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations across a region of parameter space, in which the parameters define physical properties such as domain shape and boundary…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-06-02 Christopher J Arthurs , Andrew P King

We consider error estimates in weak parametrised norms for stabilized finite element approximations of the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes' equations. These weak norms can be related to the norms of certain filtered quantities, where the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2013-04-15 Erik Burman

This work proposes a solution for the problem of training physics-informed networks under partial integro-differential equations. These equations require an infinite or a large number of neural evaluations to construct a single residual for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Ehsan Saleh , Saba Ghaffari , Timothy Bretl , Luke Olson , Matthew West

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) constitute a flexible deep learning approach for solving partial differential equations (PDEs), which model phenomena ranging from heat conduction to quantum mechanical systems. Despite their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Aleksander Krasowski , René P. Klausen , Aycan Celik , Sebastian Lapuschkin , Wojciech Samek , Jonas Naujoks

Fluid mechanics is a fundamental field in engineering and science. Solving the Navier-Stokes equation (NSE) is critical for understanding the behavior of fluids. However, the NSE is a complex partial differential equation that is difficult…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-04-10 Ayoub Farkane , Mounir Ghogho , Mustapha Oudani , Mohamed Boutayeb

Physics Informed Neural Networks is a numerical method which uses neural networks to approximate solutions of partial differential equations. It has received a lot of attention and is currently used in numerous physical and engineering…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-10 Dimitrios Gazoulis , Ioannis Gkanis , Charalambos G. Makridakis

Machine learning for scientific applications faces the challenge of limited data. We propose a framework that leverages a priori known physics to reduce overfitting when training on relatively small datasets. A deep neural network is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Jonathan B. Freund , Jonathan F. MacArt , Justin Sirignano

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) and their variants have been very popular in recent years as algorithms for the numerical simulation of both forward and inverse problems for partial differential equations. This article aims to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-11-20 Tim De Ryck , Siddhartha Mishra

We derive an a priori error estimate for the numerical solution obtained by time and space discretization by the finite volume/finite element method of the barotropic Navier--Stokes equations. The numerical solution on a convenient…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-08-27 Eduard Feireisl , Radim Hošek , David Maltese , Antonín Novotný

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are one popular approach to incorporate a priori knowledge about physical systems into the learning framework. PINNs are known to be robust for smaller training sets, derive better generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Birgit Hillebrecht , Benjamin Unger

In this paper, we developed a new PINN-based model to predict the potential of point-charged particles surrounded by conductive walls. As a result of the proposed physics-informed neural network model, the mean square error and R2 score are…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-01-06 Fatemeh Hafezianzade , Morad Biagooi , SeyedEhsan Nedaaee Oskoee