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Mergers of compact binaries, such as binary neutron stars (BNSs), neutron star-black hole binaries (NSBHs), and binary black holes (BBHs), are expected to be the best candidates for the sources of gravitational waves (GWs) and the leading…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-02-07 Wei-Wei Tan , Xi-Long Fan , F. Y. Wang

Gravitational waves radiated during binary black hole coalescence is a perfect probe for studying the characteristics of strong gravity. Advanced techniques for creating numerical relativity substitute models for eccentric binary black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-03-08 Sourav Roy Chowdhury , Maxim Khlopov

While the majority of gravitational wave (GW) events observed by the LIGO and Virgo detectors are consistent with mergers of binary black holes (BBHs) on quasi-circular orbits, some events are also consistent with non-zero orbital…

The detection of orbital eccentricity for a binary black hole system via gravitational waves is a key signature to distinguish between the possible binary origins. The identification of eccentricity has been difficult so far due to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-09-19 H. L. Iglesias , J. Lange , I. Bartos , S. Bhaumik , R. Gamba , V. Gayathri , A. Jan , R. Nowicki , R. O'Shaughnessy , D. Shoemaker , R. Venkataramanan , K. Wagner

Most gravitational wave (GW) events observed by the LIGO and Virgo detectors are consistent with mergers of binary black holes (BBHs) on quasi-circular orbits. However, some events are also consistent with non-zero orbital eccentricity,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-02-23 Divyajyoti , Sumit Kumar , Snehal Tibrewal , Isobel M. Romero-Shaw , Chandra Kant Mishra

Revealing the nature of the nanoHz gravitational wave (GW) signal recently reported by Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) collaborations around the world is the next goal of low-frequency GW astronomy. The signal likely originates from the…

We present $\texttt{ENIGMA}$, a time domain, inspiral-merger-ringdown waveform model that describes non-spinning binary black holes systems that evolve on moderately eccentric orbits. The inspiral evolution is described using a consistent…

Recent results from pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) show evidence for a gravitational wave background (GWB) consistent with a population of unresolved supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries (BHBs). While the data do not yet constrain the slope…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-06-12 Federica Fastidio , Alessia Gualandris , Alberto Sesana , Elisa Bortolas , Walter Dehnen

Wide, highly eccentric ($e>0.9$) compact binaries can naturally arise as progenitors of gravitational wave (GW) mergers. These systems are expected to have a significant population in the mHz band (e.g., $\sim 3-45$ detectable stellar-mass…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-28 Zeyuan Xuan , Smadar Naoz , Alvin K. Y. Li , Bence Kocsis , Erik Petigura , Alan M. Knee , Jess McIver , Kyle Kremer , Will M. Farr

Binaries of supermassive black holes (MBHBs) represent the primary sources of the gravitational wave background (GWB) detectable by Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs). The eccentricity with which binaries form in galactic mergers is the key…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-01-06 Alessia Gualandris , Justin Read , Federica Fastidio , Julian Chan , Thibaut François , Nader Khonji , Walter Dehnen

Detecting orbital eccentricity in a stellar-mass black-hole merger would point to a non-isolated formation channel. Eccentric binaries can form in dense stellar environments such as globular clusters or active galactic nuclei, or from…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-05 Isobel Romero-Shaw , Jakob Stegmann , Hiromichi Tagawa , Davide Gerosa , Johan Samsing , Nihar Gupte , Stephen R. Green

We estimate the population of eccentric gravitational wave (GW) binary black hole (BBH) mergers forming during binary-single interactions in globular clusters (GCs), using ~ 800 GC models that were evolved using the MOCCA code for star…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-03-28 Johan Samsing , Abbas Askar , Mirek Giersz

Coalescing black hole (BH) binaries forming in the dense core of globular clusters (GCs) are expected to be one the brightest sources of gravitational wave (GW) radiation for the next generation of ground-based laser interferometers.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-16 Fabio Antonini , Norman Murray , Seppo Mikkola

The emission of gravitational waves (GWs) during single-single close encounters in galactic nuclei (GNs) leads to the formation and rapid merger of highly eccentric stellar-mass black hole (BH) binaries. The distinct distribution of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-07-14 László Gondán , Bence Kocsis

This paper is to introduce a new software called CBwaves which provides a fast and accurate computational tool to determine the gravitational waveforms yielded by generic spinning binaries of neutron stars and/or black holes on eccentric…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-02-13 Péter Csizmadia , Gergely Debreczeni , István Rácz , Mátyás Vasúth

The origin and formation of stellar-mass binary black holes remains an open question that can be addressed by precise measurements of the binary and orbital parameters from their gravitational-wave signal. Such binaries are expected to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-03-29 Alice Bonino , Rossella Gamba , Patricia Schmidt , Alessandro Nagar , Geraint Pratten , Matteo Breschi , Piero Rettegno , Sebastiano Bernuzzi

Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTA) around the world are using the incredible consistency of millisecond pulsars to measure low frequency gravitational waves from (super)Massive Black Hole (MBH) binaries. We use comprehensive MBH merger models based…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-09-06 Luke Zoltan Kelley , Laura Blecha , Lars Hernquist , Alberto Sesana , Stephen R. Taylor

Newtonian and post-Newtonian (PN) calculations indicate that the phenomenology of eccentric binary black hole (BBH) merger waveforms is significantly more complex than that of their quasi-circular counterparts. Each spherical harmonic mode…

Initial orbital eccentricities of gravitational wave (GW) events associated with merging binary black holes (BBHs) should provide clues to their formation scenarios, mainly because various BBH formation channels predict distinct…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-16 Elahe Khalouei , Cristiano G. Sabiu , Hyung Mok Lee , A. Gopakumar

When binary black holes form in the field, it is expected that their orbits typically circularize before coalescence. In galactic nuclei and globular clusters, binary black holes can form dynamically. Recent results suggest that…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-11-13 Marcus E. Lower , Eric Thrane , Paul D. Lasky , Rory Smith