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This article reviews one of the most intriguing properties of black hole spacetimes known in the literature -- gravitational memory effect, and its connection with asymptotic symmetries, also termed as Bondi-van der Burg-Metzner-Sachs (BMS)…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-12-10 Shailesh Kumar

We study the displacement memory effect and its connection with the extended-BMS symmetries near the horizon of black holes. We show there is a permanent shift in the geodesic deviation vector relating two nearby timelike geodesics placed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-03-16 Srijit Bhattacharjee , Shailesh Kumar , Arpan Bhattacharyya

The memory effect, in the context of gravitational-waves (GWs), manifests itself in the permanent relative displacement of test masses when they encounter the GWs. A number of works have explored the possibility of detecting the memory when…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-23 Sajad A. Bhat , Srijit Bhattacharjee , Shasvath J. Kapadia

Gravitational memory effects are predictions of general relativity that are characterized by an observable effect that persists after the passage of gravitational waves. In recent years, they have garnered particular interest, both due to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-07-30 Alexander M. Grant , Keefe Mitman

We compute the memory effect produced at the black hole horizon by a transient gravitational shockwave. As shown by Hawking, Perry, and Strominger (HPS) such a gravitational wave produces a deformation of the black hole geometry which from…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-12-19 Laura Donnay , Gaston Giribet , Hernan A. Gonzalez , Andrea Puhm

We study horizon shells and soldering freedom for extreme black holes and how supertranslation-like Bondi-Metzner-Sachs (BMS) symmetries appear as soldering transformations. Further, for a null shell placed infinitesimally close to the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-09-02 Srijit Bhattacharjee , Shailesh Kumar

We compute the memory effect due to a gravitational wave striking a Kerr black hole as seen by an observer at null infinity. This is done by working in Bondi--Sachs coordinates. It was shown by Hawking, Perry, and Strominger (HPS) that the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-29 Rudeep Gaur

Gravitational memory effects and the BMS freedoms exhibited at future null infinity have recently been resolved and utilized in numerical relativity simulations. With this, gravitational wave models and our understanding of the fundamental…

We determine the asymptotic symmetry group of Killing horizons by choosing Gaussian null coordinates in the neighbourhood of the horizon and boundary conditions that respect the leading order terms in the metric. The analysis divides…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-11-22 Emil T. Akhmedov , Mahdi Godazgar

We study the impact of quantum corrections to gravitational waveforms on the gravitational wave memory effect. In certain quantum gravity theories and semi-classical frameworks, black holes (or other exotic compact objects) exhibit…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-31 Nils Deppe , Lavinia Heisenberg , Lawrence E. Kidder , David Maibach , Sizheng Ma , Jordan Moxon , Kyle C. Nelli , William Throwe , Nils L. Vu

When approaching extremality, rotating black holes tend to expel the magnetic field in which they are immersed. This phenomenon, being reminiscent of the Meissner-Ochsenfeld effect in superconductors, is known as the black hole Meissner…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-06-14 Gaston Giribet , Joan La Madrid , Luciano Montecchio , Emilio Rubín de Celis , Pedro Schmied

The non-linear gravitational wave (GW) memory effect is a distinct prediction in general relativity. While the effect has been well studied for comparable mass binaries, it has mostly been overlooked for intermediate mass ratio inspirals…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-26 Tousif Islam , Scott E. Field , Gaurav Khanna , Niels Warburton

We investigate whether supertranslation symmetry may appear in a scenario that involves black holes in AdS space. The framework we consider is massive 3D gravity, which admits a rich black hole phase space, including stationary AdS black…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-10-28 Laura Donnay , Gaston Giribet , Julio Oliva

Gravitational wave (GW) astronomy has revolutionized our capacity to explore nature. The next generation of observatories, among which the space-borne detector Laser Interferometer Space Antenna LISA, is expected to yield orders of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-06 Henri Inchauspé , Silvia Gasparotto , Diego Blas , Lavinia Heisenberg , Jann Zosso , Shubhanshu Tiwari

The memory effect is a prediction of general relativity on the same footing as the existence of gravitational waves. The memory effect is understood at future null infinity as a transition induced by null radiation from a Poincar\'e vacuum…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-11-15 Geoffrey Compère

The memory effect at null infinity, $\mathcal{I}^+$, can be defined in terms of the permanent relative displacement of test particles (at leading order in $1/r$) resulting from the passage of a burst of gravitational radiation. In $D=4$…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-07-01 Adel A. Rahman , Robert M. Wald

Gravitational-wave memory, a strong-field effect of general relativity, manifests itself as a permanent displacement in spacetime. We develop a Bayesian framework to detect gravitational-wave memory with the Advanced LIGO/Virgo detector…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-01-29 Moritz Hübner , Colm Talbot , Paul D. Lasky , Eric Thrane

Gravitational wave memory is studied in the context of a certain class of braneworld wormholes. Unlike other wormhole geometries, this novel class of wormholes do not require any exotic matter fields for its traversability. First, we study…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-02 Indranil Chakraborty , Soumya Bhattacharya , Sumanta Chakraborty

Recently, Hawking, Perry and Strominger described a physical process that implants supertranslational hair on a Schwarzschild black hole by an infalling matter shock wave without spherical symmetry. Using the BMS-type symmetries of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-09-22 Sanved Kolekar , Jorma Louko

Symmetries are ubiquitous in modern physics. They not only allow for a more simplified description of physical systems but also, from a more fundamental perspective, can be seen as determining a theory itself. In the present paper, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-24 Níckolas de Aguiar Alves , Andre G. S. Landulfo
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