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A homomorphism from a graph $X$ to a graph $Y$ is an adjacency preserving mapping $f:V(X) \rightarrow V(Y)$. We consider a nonlocal game in which Alice and Bob are trying to convince a verifier with certainty that a graph $X$ admits a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-21 Laura Mančinska , David E. Roberson

We construct for every connected locally finite graph $\Pi$ the quantum automorphism group $\text{QAut}\ \Pi$ as a locally compact quantum group. When $\Pi$ is vertex transitive, we associate to $\Pi$ a new unitary tensor category…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2024-02-12 Lukas Rollier , Stefaan Vaes

Motivated by string diagrammatic approach to undirected tracial quantum graphs by Musto, Reutter, Verdon (2018), in the former part of this paper we diagrammatically formulate directed nontracial quantum graphs by Brannan, Chirvasitu,…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2022-10-05 Junichiro Matsuda

Recently, the work on quantum automorphism groups of graphs has seen renewed progress, which we expand in this paper. Quantum symmetry is a richer notion of symmetry than the classical symmetries of a graph. In general, it is non-trivial to…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2024-04-24 Julien Schanz

Quantum relations in the sense of Weaver are $M'$-bimodules, for a von Neumann algebra $M$, these generalising actual relations on a set $X$ when $M=\ell^\infty(X)$. Similarly, relations between two sets can be generalised as bimodules over…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2026-02-23 Matthew Daws

We clarify the correspondence between the two approaches to quantum graphs: via quantum adjacency matrices and via quantum relations. We show how the choice of a (possibly non-tracial) weight manifests itself on the quantum relation side…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2024-12-11 Mateusz Wasilewski

We summarize different approaches to the theory of quantum graphs and provide several ways to construct concrete examples. First, we classify all undirected quantum graphs on the quantum space $M_2$. Secondly, we apply the theory of…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2022-12-15 Daniel Gromada

We study Cayley graphs of abelian groups from the perspective of quantum symmetries. We develop a general strategy for determining the quantum automorphism groups of such graphs. Applying this procedure, we find the quantum symmetries of…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2024-02-07 Daniel Gromada

We classify instances of quantum pseudo-telepathy in the graph isomorphism game, exploiting the recently discovered connection between quantum information and the theory of quantum automorphism groups. Specifically, we show that graphs…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-14 Benjamin Musto , David Reutter , Dominic Verdon

Quantum symmetry of a graph $C^{*}$-algebra $C^{*}(\Gamma)$ corresponding to a finite graph $\Gamma$ has been explored by several mathematicians within different categories in the past few years. In this article, we establish that there are…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2025-04-22 Ujjal Karmakar , Arnab Mandal

A finite discrete graph is turned into a quantum (metric) graph once a finite length is assigned to each edge and the one-dimensional Laplacian is taken to be the operator. We study the dependence of the spectral gap (the first positive…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-03-28 Ram Band , Guillaume Lévy

Global control offers a promising route to scalable quantum computing. A recent conjecture by Hu et al. (arXiv:2508.19075) proposes that any connected qubit graph equipped with global Ising-type interactions and tunable global transverse…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-22 Roberto Gargiulo , Roberto Menta , Vittorio Giovannetti , Robert Zeier

Homomorphism indistinguishability is a way of characterising many natural equivalence relations on graphs. Two graphs $G$ and $H$ are called homomorphism indistinguishable over a graph class $\mathcal{F}$ if for each $F \in \mathcal{F}$,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Tim Seppelt , Gian Luca Spitzer

We derive an intuitive and novel method to represent nodes in a graph with special unitary operators, or quantum operators, which does not require parameter training and is competitive with classical methods on scoring similarity between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-22 Andrew Vlasic , Salvador Aguinaga

We formalize the correspondence between quantum states and quantum operations isometrically, and harness its consequences. This correspondence was already implicit in the various proofs of the operator sum representation of Completely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Pablo Arrighi , Christophe Patricot

Associated to a finite graph $X$ is its quantum automorphism group $G$. The main problem is to compute the Poincar\'e series of $G$, meaning the series $f(z)=1+c_1z+c_2z^2+...$ whose coefficients are multiplicities of 1 into tensor powers…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Teodor Banica

We demonstrate that a quantum graph exhibits a $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry provided the coefficients in the condition describing the wave function matching at the vertices are circulant matrices; this symmetry is nontrivial if they are not…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-10-04 Pavel Exner , Milos Tater

We introduce a quantum automorphism group for hypergraphs, which turns out to generalize the quantum automorphism group of Bichon for classical graphs. Further, we show that our quantum automorphism group acts on hypergraph C*-algebras as…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2024-05-21 Nicolas Faroß

Let $G$ be a simple finite graph, and let $\mathcal U_G$ be the related quantum graph. We study the game algebra $C(\mathrm{Qut}(\mathcal U_G))$ of quantum automorphism of $\mathcal U_G$. Moreover, we prove that for any graph $G$ with…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Olha Ostrovska , Vasyl Ostrovskyi , Lyudmila Turowska

Graph-theoretic structures play a central role in the description and analysis of quantum systems. In this work, we introduce a new class of quantum states, called $A_\alpha$-graph states, which are constructed from either unweighted or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-19 Rohit kumar , Satyabrata Adhikari