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Federated Learning (FL) facilitates collaborative model training among distributed clients while ensuring that raw data remains on local devices.Despite this advantage, FL systems are still exposed to risks from malicious or unreliable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Deepthy K Bhaskar , Minimol B , Binu V P

Inserting a backdoor into the joint model in federated learning (FL) is a recent threat raising concerns. Existing studies mostly focus on developing effective countermeasures against this threat, assuming that backdoored local models, if…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Zeki Bilgin

Federated Learning (FL) is a popular paradigm enabling clients to jointly train a global model without sharing raw data. However, FL is known to be vulnerable towards backdoor attacks due to its distributed nature. As participants,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Xingyu Lyu , Ning Wang , Yang Xiao , Shixiong Li , Tao Li , Danjue Chen , Yimin Chen

Adversarial Training (AT) is crucial for obtaining deep neural networks that are robust to adversarial attacks, yet recent works found that it could also make models more vulnerable to privacy attacks. In this work, we further reveal this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Jingyang Zhang , Yiran Chen , Hai Li

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm that enables training models on decentralized data. The field of FL security against poisoning attacks is plagued with confusion due to the proliferation of research that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Hamid Mozaffari , Sunav Choudhary , Amir Houmansadr

Aiming at privacy preservation, Federated Learning (FL) is an emerging machine learning approach enabling model training on decentralized devices or data sources. The learning mechanism of FL relies on aggregating parameter updates from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Jiayan Chen , Zhirong Qian , Tianhui Meng , Xitong Gao , Tian Wang , Weijia Jia

Federated Learning (FL), a privacy-preserving decentralized machine learning framework, has been shown to be vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Current research primarily focuses on the Single-Label Backdoor Attack (SBA), wherein adversaries…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Ye Li , Yanchao Zhao , Chengcheng Zhu , Jiale Zhang

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning diagram that enables multiple clients to collaboratively train a global model without sharing their private local data. However, FL systems are vulnerable to attacks that are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Qilei Li , Ahmed M. Abdelmoniem

The decentralized nature of federated learning makes detecting and defending against adversarial attacks a challenging task. This paper focuses on backdoor attacks in the federated learning setting, where the goal of the adversary is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-04 Ziteng Sun , Peter Kairouz , Ananda Theertha Suresh , H. Brendan McMahan

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a promising approach to address data privacy and confidentiality concerns by allowing multiple participants to construct a shared model without centralizing sensitive data. However, this decentralized…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Jahid Hasan

Federated Learning (FL) aims to protect data privacy by enabling clients to collectively train machine learning models without sharing their raw data. However, recent studies demonstrate that information exchanged during FL is subject to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Pengxin Guo , Shuang Zeng , Wenhao Chen , Xiaodan Zhang , Weihong Ren , Yuyin Zhou , Liangqiong Qu

Federated Learning is a machine learning setting that reduces direct data exposure, improving the privacy guarantees of machine learning models. Yet, the exchange of model updates between the participants and the aggregator can still leak…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Pablo Montaña-Fernández , Ines Ortega-Fernandez

Federated learning (FL) allows multiple data-owners to collaboratively train machine learning models by exchanging local gradients, while keeping their private data on-device. To simultaneously enhance privacy and training efficiency,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-06 Hasin Us Sami , Swapneel Sen , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury , Srikanth V. Krishnamurthy , Basak Guler

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across distributed clients while preserving user privacy. Recently, Federated Unlearning (FU) has emerged to address the "right to be forgotten" and to remove the influence of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ruinan Jin , Minghui Chen , Qiong Zhang , Xiaoxiao Li

Federated learning (FL) is widely used in Internet-of-Things (IoT) systems, but its distributed training process also exposes it to backdoor attacks. Existing studies mainly consider single-target or centralized multi-target settings, while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Tao Liu , Dapeng Man , Jiguang Lv , Chen Xu , Weiye Xi , Huanran Wang , Yuhang Zhang , Tianming Zhao , Wu Yang

Backdoor attack has emerged as a major security threat to deep neural networks (DNNs). While existing defense methods have demonstrated promising results on detecting or erasing backdoors, it is still not clear whether robust training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Yige Li , Xixiang Lyu , Nodens Koren , Lingjuan Lyu , Bo Li , Xingjun Ma

Federated Learning (FL) trains a black-box and high-dimensional model among different clients by exchanging parameters instead of direct data sharing, which mitigates the privacy leak incurred by machine learning. However, FL still suffers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Qi Tan , Qi Li , Yi Zhao , Zhuotao Liu , Xiaobing Guo , Ke Xu

Recent studies have shown that DNNs can be compromised by backdoor attacks crafted at training time. A backdoor attack installs a backdoor into the victim model by injecting a backdoor pattern into a small proportion of the training data.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Yunfei Liu , Xingjun Ma , James Bailey , Feng Lu

Federated graph learning (FedGL) is an emerging federated learning (FL) framework that extends FL to learn graph data from diverse sources. FL for non-graph data has shown to be vulnerable to backdoor attacks, which inject a shared backdoor…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Yuxin Yang , Qiang Li , Jinyuan Jia , Yuan Hong , Binghui Wang

Federated learning (FL) is vulnerable to backdoor attacks, yet most existing methods are limited by fixed-pattern or single-target triggers, making them inflexible and easier to detect. We propose FLAT (FL Arbitrary-Target Attack), a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Tuan Nguyen , Khoa D Doan , Kok-Seng Wong