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Large-scale Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have significantly advanced with text-aligned vision inputs. They have made remarkable progress in computer vision tasks by aligning text modality with vision inputs. There are also endeavors to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Youngjoon Yu , Sangyun Chung , Byung-Kwan Lee , Yong Man Ro

Can multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) truly understand what they can see? Extending Searle's Chinese Room into the multi-modal domain, this paper proposes the Visual Room argument: MLLMs may describe every visual detail precisely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Haokun Li , Yazhou Zhang , Jizhi Ding , Qiuchi Li , Peng Zhang

As computer vision and NLP make progress, Vision-Language(VL) is becoming an important area of research. Despite the importance, evaluation metrics of the research domain is still at a preliminary stage of development. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-25 Sangmyeong Woh , Jaemin Lee , Ho Joong Kim , Jinsuk Lee

Multimodal Small-to-Medium sized Language Models (MSLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in integrating visual and textual information but still face significant limitations in visual comprehension and mathematical reasoning,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Ashutosh Bajpai , Akshat Bhandari , Akshay Nambi , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Vision-Language Models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in understanding visual content, yet systematic biases in their spatial processing remain largely unexplored. This work identifies and characterizes a systematic spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Aryan Chaudhary , Sanchit Goyal , Pratik Narang , Dhruv Kumar

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are trained on vast amounts of data captured by humans emulating our understanding of the world. However, known as visual illusions, human's perception of reality isn't always faithful to the physical world.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Yichi Zhang , Jiayi Pan , Yuchen Zhou , Rui Pan , Joyce Chai

The recent developments in deep learning led to the integration of natural language processing (NLP) with computer vision, resulting in powerful integrated Vision and Language Models (VLMs). Despite their remarkable capabilities, these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Harshit , Tolga Tasdizen

Understanding how people read city scenes can inform design and planning. We introduce a small benchmark for testing vision-language models (VLMs) on urban perception using 100 Montreal street images, evenly split between photographs and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Rashid Mushkani

Recent image-to-image translation works have been transferred from supervised to unsupervised settings due to the expensive cost of capturing or labeling large amounts of paired data. However, current unsupervised methods using the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Pan Zhang , Jianmin Bao , Ting Zhang , Dong Chen , Fang Wen

Recent advances in language modeling have witnessed the rise of highly desirable emergent capabilities, such as reasoning and in-context learning. However, vision models have yet to exhibit comparable progress in these areas. In this paper,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Jike Zhong , Yuxiang Lai , Xiaofeng Yang , Konstantinos Psounis

Unlike most neural language models, humans learn language in a rich, multi-sensory and, often, multi-lingual environment. Current language models typically fail to fully capture the complexities of multilingual language use. We train an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Khai-Nguyen Nguyen , Zixin Tang , Ankur Mali , Alex Kelly

Visual reasoning, particularly spatial reasoning, is a challenging cognitive task that requires understanding object relationships and their interactions within complex environments, especially in robotics domain. Existing vision_language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Simindokht Jahangard , Mehrzad Mohammadi , Abhinav Dhall , Hamid Rezatofighi

Evaluating whether large vision-language models (VLMs) align with human perception for high-level semantic scene comprehension remains a challenge. Traditional white-box interpretability methods are inapplicable to closed-source…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Ziqi Wen , Parsa Madinei , Miguel P. Eckstein

Humans build shared spatial understanding by communicating partial, viewpoint-dependent observations. We ask whether Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) can do the same, aligning distinct egocentric views through dialogue to form a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Ankur Sikarwar , Debangan Mishra , Sudarshan Nikhil , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru , Aishwarya Agrawal

When faced with complex spatial problems, humans naturally sketch layouts to organize their thinking, and the act of drawing further sharpens their understanding. In this work, we ask whether a similar principle holds for Large Language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Shiyuan Huang , Li Liu , Jincheng He , Leilani H. Gilpin

As the field of deep learning steadily transitions from the realm of academic research to practical application, the significance of self-supervised pretraining methods has become increasingly prominent. These methods, particularly in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Toni Albert , Bjoern Eskofier , Dario Zanca

Vision-language models (VLMs) are emerging as powerful generalist tools for remote sensing, capable of integrating information across diverse tasks and enabling flexible, instruction-based interactions via a chat interface. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Aysim Toker , Andreea-Maria Oncescu , Roy Miles , Ismail Elezi , Jiankang Deng

Understanding and reasoning about spatial relationships is a fundamental capability for Visual Question Answering (VQA) and robotics. While Vision Language Models (VLM) have demonstrated remarkable performance in certain VQA benchmarks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Boyuan Chen , Zhuo Xu , Sean Kirmani , Brian Ichter , Danny Driess , Pete Florence , Dorsa Sadigh , Leonidas Guibas , Fei Xia

We consider the problem of finding spatial configurations of multiple objects in images, e.g., a mobile inspection robot is tasked to localize abandoned tools on the floor. We define the spatial configuration of objects by first-order logic…

As spatial intelligence becomes an increasingly important capability for foundation models, it remains unclear whether large language models' (LLMs) performance on spatial reasoning benchmarks reflects structured internal spatial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Jiyuan An , Liner Yang , Mengyan Wang , Luming Lu , Weihua An , Erhong Yang