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Experiments on the Large Hadron Collider at CERN represent our furthest excursion yet along the energy frontier of particle physics. The goal of probing physical processes at the TeV energy scale puts strict requirements on the performance…
Multiscale simulation is a key research tool for the quest for new permanent magnets. Starting with first principles methods, a sequence of simulation methods can be applied to calculate the maximum possible coercive field and expected…
Imitation learning aims to extract knowledge from human experts' demonstrations or artificially created agents in order to replicate their behaviors. Its success has been demonstrated in areas such as video games, autonomous driving,…
We consider a possible detector-efficiency loophole in experiments that detect entanglement via the local measurement of witness operators. Here, only local properties of the detectors are known. We derive a general threshold for the…
A major focus of Nb$_3$Sn accelerator magnets is on significantly reducing or eliminating their training. Demonstration of an approach to increase the $C_p$ of Nb$_3$Sn magnets using new materials and technologies is very important both for…
Nematicity is a well known property of liquid crystals and has been recently discussed in the context of strongly interacting electrons. An electronic nematic phase has been seen by many experiments in certain strongly correlated materials,…
The use of high-temperature superconductors in electric machines offers potentially large gains in performance compared to conventional conductors, but also comes with unique challenges. Here, the electromagnetic properties of…
We report results of the experimental test of the High Temperature Superconductor based fast cycling prototype accelerator magnet capable to operate up to about 300 Tesla per second field ramping rate with some 0.5 T field in the magnet…
State-of-the-art magnetic field measurements performed in shielded environments with carefully controlled conditions rarely reflect the realities of those applications envisioned in the introductions of peer-reviewed publications.…
Domain-specialized FPGAs have delivered unprecedented performance for low-latency inference across scientific and industrial workloads, yet nearly all existing accelerators assume static models trained offline, relegating learning and…
We consider the non-equilibrium evolution in the spin-1/2 XXZ Heisenberg chain for fixed magnetization after a local quantum quench. This model is equivalent to interacting spinless fermions. Initially an infinite magnetic field is applied…
Superconductivity allows to construct and operate magnets at field values beyond 2 Tesla, the practical limitation of normal-conducting magnets exploiting ferro-magnetism. The field of superconducting magnets is dominated by the field…
An energy of $362\:\text{MJ}$ is stored in each of the two LHC proton beams for nominal beam parameters. This will be further increased to about $700\:\text{MJ}$ in the future High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and uncontrolled beam losses…
Non-locality without entanglement is a rather counter-intuitive phenomenon in which information may be encoded entirely in product (unentangled) states of composite quantum systems in such a way that local measurement of the subsystems is…
Measuring Efficiency in neural network system development is an open research problem. This paper presents an experimental framework to measure the training efficiency of a neural architecture. To demonstrate our approach, we analyze the…
The training process of neural networks is known to be time-consuming, and having a deep architecture only aggravates the issue. This process consists mostly of matrix operations, among which matrix multiplication is the bottleneck. Several…
Lower semi-continuity (\texttt{LSC}) is a critical assumption in many foundational optimisation theory results; however, in many cases, \texttt{LSC} is stronger than necessary. This has led to the introduction of numerous weaker continuity…
We study the effect of localized magnetic moments on the conductance of a helical edge. Interaction with a local moment is an effective backscattering mechanism for the edge electrons. We evaluate the resulting differential conductance as a…
The low-energy structure of hadrons can be described systematically using effective field theory, and the parameters of the effective theory can be determined from lattice QCD computations. Recent work, however, points to inconsistencies…
Magnetic Reconnection is an efficient and fast acceleration mechanism by means of direct electric field acceleration parallel to the magnetic field. Thus, acceleration of particles in reconnection regions is a very important topic in plasma…